Study on Individual PAHs Content in Ultrafine Particles from Solid Fractions of Diesel and Biodiesel Exhaust Fumes

Abstract

In order to characterize PAHs emissions of diesel engine fuelled with diesel and its blend (B20, B40). In the particle phase, PAHs in engine exhausts were collected by fiberglass filters using Electrical Low Pressure Impactor (ELPI) and then determined by a high performance liquid chromatography with a fluorimetric detector (HPLC-FL). The main content in exhaust gases from diesel engine, regardless the type of applied fuel, is constituted by the particles fraction of diameter <0.25 μm. Particles sized <0.25 μm constituted on average approximately 68% of particles in diesel exhaust gases and approx. 50% of particles emitted by biodiesel B20 and B40. When the B100 bioester additive was applied, the total emission of particles was reduced thus the volume of toxic substances adsorbed on them was lower. The analysis of chemical composition of <0.25 μm exhaust gas fraction showed that there were mainly 3- and 4-ring aromatic hydrocarbons in the exhaust gas of diesel fuel while in B40 single PAHs with the number of rings of 4 and 5 were detected. An application of ELPI permitted a further separation of <0.25 μm particle’s fraction and a real-time determination of interalia number, mass, and surface concentrations.

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in the Particles Emitted from the Diesel and Gasoline Engines

“…2 has presented the average distribution of total PAHs adsorbed on the ultrafine particles in gasoline and diesel exhaust fumes. Particles with a diameter below 0.25 µm were mainly detected in the diesel exhaust, which confirmed our earlier results [11]. The average sizes of particles emitted in gasoline exhaust were smaller than particles emitted in diesel exhaust under similar operating conditions.…”

“…During recent decades, continuous concern has been raised with respect to PM emitted during the operation of motor vehicles, mainly by diesel engines [7][8][9][10][11][12][13]. The World Health Organization (WHO) has reported that diesel engine exhaust is classified as carcinogenic to humans [14].…”

Determination of Selected Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds in Particulate Matter Samples with Low Mass Loading: An Approach to Test Method Accuracy

“…There is an increasing concern about the chemical characterization of environmental samples of size-segregated samples [1][2][3]. This leads to the analysis of reduced sample sizes of particulate matter (PM) containing very low levels of pollutants.…”

“…These extractions are expensive in instrument and maintenance. Due to lower equipment cost and ease of operation, extraction by US stands as an attractive alternative 2 Journal of Chemistry [3,8]. Hence, procedures based on reducing sample size and solvent requirements have been developed to achieve a miniaturization strategy for US extraction [9][10][11].…”

Occurrence and Distribution of Aliphatic and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Surface Waters along Coastal Area of Suez Gulf

“…Due to their low water solubility and high lipophilicity, PAHs are easily and rapidly absorbed by organisms and can be accumulated in aquatic organism or adsorbed onto the surface of suspended matter, get deposited on the sea floor and be passed onto the marine food chain. Sources of PAHs can be either petrogenic, from petroleum-related activities or pyrogenic (pyrolytic), from the incomplete combustion of diesel fuel and engine oil (16) wood, coal, biomass of forest, grass fires, waste incinerators, and fossil fuels that are used in industrial operations and power plants (17) . Inlet and outlet water of (SOPC) is located in Zietyia area about 2-3 km south west of Suez city and close to the most important and famous international way ) Fig.…”