The profile of globoidal indexing cam is spatial undevelopable surface. It needs special CNC machine tool to finish batch production. The machining quality of the profile of globoidal indexing cam could be affected by the movement error of each part of machine tool and the clamped positioning error of workpiece. Firstly, this paper analyses the systematic error of the special machine tool of globoidal cam, derives the error transfer matrix, establishes the mathematical model of the globoidal cam profile which including all machining system errors through multi-body system theory primarily. Secondly, this method improves the measuring speed and avoids the probe radius compensation, and evaluates the tolerance of the profile greed of globoidal cam equidistant model directly. Finally, the feasibility of the measurement method is verified by experiments, and the experimental results are analysed and processed. It lays the foundation for the design, process and measurement of globoidal cam mechanism and provides a theoretical basis and key technology for developing the online rapid detection system of the globoidal indexing cam profile.