Sub-3 V, MHz-Class Electrolyte-Gated Transistors and Inverters

Abstract

Electrolyte-gated transistors (EGTs) have emerging applications in physiological recording, neuromorphic computing, sensing, and flexible printed electronics. A challenge for these devices is their slow switching speed, which has several causes. Here, we report the fabrication and characterization of n-type ZnO-based EGTs with signal propagation delays as short as 70 ns. Propagation delays are assessed in dynamically operating inverters and five-stage ring oscillators as a function of channel dimensions and supply voltages up to 3 V. Substantial decreases in switching time are realized by minimizing parasitic resistances and capacitances that are associated with the electrolyte in these devices. Stable switching at 1−10 MHz is achieved in individual inverter stages with 10−40 μm channel lengths, and analysis suggests that further improvements are possible.

Voltage Control of Patterned Metal/Insulator Properties in Oxide/Oxyfluoride Lateral Perovskite Heterostructures via Ion Gel Gating

“…Finally, we note that while the side‐gating architecture used in this study lends itself to rapid exploratory work, the resulting millimeter‐scale distance between the gate electrode and channel results in long gating times. Alternatively, it has been shown that the electric double layer can be modulated in the kHz to MHz frequency regime in devices with a superstrate gate electrode, [ 76 ] which warrants future studies on the switching speeds afforded by top‐gated geometries.…”

Organic Electrochemical Transistors for In Vivo Bioelectronics

“…One of the downsides of the vertical architecture is the formation of a comparatively larger overlap between the polymer layer and the source/drain electrodes, which has been reported to negatively affect the bandwidth and transconductance of EGTs as a result of parasitic effects, such as overlap capacitance and contact resistance. [ 78,79 ]…”

Aerosol‐Jet‐Printable Covalent Organic Framework Colloidal Inks and Temperature‐Sensitive Nanocomposite Films

“…AJP is a flexible additive manufacturing technique that has not previously been reported for colloidal COFs but has been used extensively for fabricating other nanomaterial devices. [ 32–39 ] During AJP, ink droplets aerosolized by a megasonic atomizer are transported via an inert carrier gas to the printing nozzle where the droplet stream is collimated by an annular sheath gas, thus resulting in high‐resolution deposition (Figure 1B). In addition to micron‐scale spatial resolution, AJP offers additional advantages such as compatibility with diverse substrates and ink formulations.…”