Sub-regional groundwater storage recovery in North China Plain after the South-to-North water diversion project

Zhang, Chong; Duan, Qingyun; Yeh, Pat J.‐F.; Pan, Yun; Gong, Huili; Moradkhani, Hamid; Gong, Wei; Lei, Xiaohui; Liao, Weihong; Xu, Lei; Huang, Zhiyong; Zheng, Longqun; Guo, Xiaohong

doi:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2021.126156

Cited by 94 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…The published statistics of water resources in HRB reported consistent decreases in groundwater consumptions after 2014, which reflects the impact of the south-to-north water diversion project on groundwater recovery. Some previous works [25,55] also indicate that the construction of the south-to-north water diversion project has positive influences on groundwater storage recovery. However, it is a long-term process to raise groundwater levels.…”

Section: Drivers Of Groundwater Depletionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Improving the Accuracy of Water Storage Anomaly Trends Based on a New Statistical Correction Hydrological Model Weighting Method

et al. 2021

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The Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) satellite solutions have been considerably applied to assess the reliability of hydrological models on a global scale. However, no single hydrological model can be suitable for all regions. Here, a New Statistical Correction Hydrological Model Weighting (NSCHMW) method is developed based on the root mean square error and correlation coefficient between hydrological models and GRACE mass concentration (mascon) data. The NSCHMW method can highlight the advantages of good models compared with the previous average method. Additionally, to verify the effect of the NSCHMW method, taking the Haihe River Basin (HRB) as an example, the spatiotemporal patterns of Terrestrial Water Storage Anomalies (TWSA) in HRB are analyzed through a comprehensive comparison of decadal trends (2003–2014) from GRACE and different hydrological models (Noah from GLDAS-2.1, VIC from GLDAS-2.1, CLSM from GLDAS-2.1, CLSM from GLDAS-2.0, WGHM, PCR-GLOBWB, and CLM-4.5). Besides, the NSCHMW method is applied to estimate TWSA trends in the HRB. Results demonstrate that (1) the NSCHMW method can improve the accuracy of TWSA estimation by hydrological models; (2) the TWSA trends continue to decrease through the study period at a rate of 15.7 mm/year; (3) the WGHM and PCR-GLOBWB have positive reliability with respect to GRACE with r > 0.9, while all the other models underestimate TWSA trends; (4) the NSCHMW method can effectively improve RMSE, NES, and r with 3–96%, 35–282%, 1–255%, respectively, by weighting the WGHM and PCR-GLOBWB. Indeed, groundwater depletion in HRB also proves the necessity of the South-North Water Diversion Project, which has already contributed to groundwater recovery.

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Section: Drivers Of Groundwater Depletionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Improving the Accuracy of Water Storage Anomaly Trends Based on a New Statistical Correction Hydrological Model Weighting Method

et al. 2021

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“…The profits from China South-to-North Water Diversion Corporation Limited reached CNY 35.6 billion yuan, and the profits from water sectors in four provinces reached CNY 81.3 billion yuan. However, whether the basic compensation for the living costs was able to maintain the standard of living for the ecological migrants of Xichuan County was ignored, and there was no relevant policy to ensure their standard of living in the resettlement region [ 8 , 18 , 34 ]. Therefore, the subsequent subsidy gap estimated in this study can be used as a reference for future upper subsidy limits for ecological migrants.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As water transfer from SNWD increased, the supplementation of ecological water became one of its important functions. The surface runoff of the four provinces has been supplied with an ecological water supplement, and the groundwater level has been restored with water from the SNWD [ 16 , 17 , 18 ]. The expansion of the water ecosystem brought some ecological benefits to the provinces along its line, significantly improving ecology and the local climate [ 12 , 19 , 20 , 21 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating the Impact of Ecological Migrants on the South-to-North Water Diversion in China

Cui

Qin

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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The South-to-North Water Diversion (SNWD) provides significant benefits in facilitating water security and improving ecology in northern China. However, few studies have estimated the water value of the SNWD and the corresponding subsequent subsidies of the ecological migrants in Xichuan County displaced by the project. Based on the Google Earth Engine (GEE), this study analyzed the water ecosystem changes in Xichuan County in 2000–2020 and valued the water transfer of the SNWD. We calculated the water cost, the water value of the trunk line project, and the four provinces (Hebei, Henan, Beijing, and Tianjin) of CNY 4.04, 39.64, and 120.93 billion, respectively, and the proportion of the three was 1:10:30 during 2014–2020. The water ecosystem area showed a rapid increase when the SNWD became operational since the end of 2014. The subsequent annual subsidy gap of ecological migrants was CNY 0.84 billion, which only accounted for 4.31% of the gross profit of SNWD. Our results imply that relevant water sectors have sufficient profits to support corresponding subsequent subsidies for ecological migrants. Ecological migrants are a major challenge for water transfer projects. Overall, this study fills a gap of interactions between subsequent policies and ecological migrants and provides a typical case for managing the migration problem caused by sustainable water management worldwide.

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“…Considering the arid climate of the North China Plain, there is little surface water. About 40% of the rivers are dry throughout the year, and the surface water storage of rivers, lakes, and reservoirs is negligible [50,51]. In addition, the amount of canopy water obtained is very small, we ignored its influence in our research.…”

Section: Grace Data Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Combined GRACE and MT-InSAR to Assess the Relationship between Groundwater Storage Change and Land Subsidence in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region

Gong

Chen

et al. 2021

Remote Sensing

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Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (BTH) has been suffering from severe groundwater storage (GWS) consumption and land subsidence (LS) for a long period. The overexploitation of groundwater brings about severe land subsidence, which affects the safety and development of BTH. In this paper, we utilized multi-frame synthetic aperture radar datasets obtained by the Rardarsat-2 satellite to monitor land subsidence’s temporal and spatial distribution in the BTH from 2012 to 2016 based on multi-temporal interferometric synthetic aperture radar (MT-InSAR). In addition, we also employed the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) mascon datasets acquired by the Center for Space Research (CSR) and Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) to obtain the GWS anomalies (GWSA) of BTH from 2003 to 2016. Then we evaluate the accuracy of the results obtained. Furthermore, we explored the relationship between the regional GWSA and the average cumulative subsidence in the BTH. The total volume change of subsidence is 59.46% of the total volume change of groundwater storage. Moreover, the long-term decreasing trend of the GWSA (14.221 mm/year) and average cumulative subsidence (17.382 mm/year) show a relatively high consistency. Finally, we analyze the heterogeneity of GWS change (GWSC) and LS change (LSC) in the four typical areas by the Lorenz curve model. The implementation of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project (MSWDP) affects the heterogeneity of GWSC and LSC. It can be seen that the largest heterogeneity of LSC lags behind the GWSC in the Tianjin-Langfang-Hengshui-Baoding area. The largest uneven subsidence in Beijing and Tianjin occurred in 2015, and the largest uneven subsidence in Hengshui-Baoding occurred in 2014. After that, the heterogeneity of subsidence gradually tends to stable.

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Sub-regional groundwater storage recovery in North China Plain after the South-to-North water diversion project

Cited by 94 publications

References 46 publications

Improving the Accuracy of Water Storage Anomaly Trends Based on a New Statistical Correction Hydrological Model Weighting Method

Improving the Accuracy of Water Storage Anomaly Trends Based on a New Statistical Correction Hydrological Model Weighting Method

Estimating the Impact of Ecological Migrants on the South-to-North Water Diversion in China

Combined GRACE and MT-InSAR to Assess the Relationship between Groundwater Storage Change and Land Subsidence in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region

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