Subcortical and cortical components of the MLR generating system

Effective spread and timecourse of neural inactivation caused by lidocaine injection in monkey cerebral cortex

“…These finding coincide with previous studies where oculomotor (Demer and Robinson, 1982;May et al, 1988) and evoked potential (McGee et al, 1991) measures were used to assess the onset of an effect of lidocaine and recovery thereof.…”

Comparison of noise-induced changes of auditory brainstem and middle latency response amplitudes in rats

“…Intracranial recordings in cats (Buchwald et al, 1981), rats (Simpson and Knight, 1993a;Simpson and Knight, 1993b), and guinea pigs (Kraus et al, 1988) suggest that two parallel circuits contribute to MLR generation: (1) a midline generator system that reflects the activation of non-primary auditory projections, and (2) a lateral generator system that reflects the activation of primary lemniscal projections including the ventral cochlear nuclei, the lateral and medial superior olives, the central nucleus of the inferior colliculus (IC), the ventral division of the medial geniculate body (MGB), and the primary auditory cortex. In addition to the primary auditory nuclei, the mesencephalic reticular formation also contributes to MLR generation (Wood and Wolpaw, 1982;Hinman and Buchwald, 1983;Caird and Klinke, 1987;McGee et al, 1991;Kraus et al, 1992;Kraus and McGee, 1995). Similar sources of MLR origin, as those demonstrated in animals, were identified in humans.…”

Multichannel recordings of the human brainstem frequency-following response: Scalp topography, source generators, and distinctions from the transient ABR

“…Simulated FFRs were then compared to true FFR recordings obtained in the same listeners elicited by complex tones with F0s of 100, 200, and 500 Hz. The onset latency of each response was also measured, 1 Restricting the ABR "wavelet" to the first~12 ms was done to remove the inclusion of MLR components which reflect neural activation of thalamic and cortical generators (McGee et al, 1991). This further ensured that derived and actual FFRs contained only neural activity of subcortical origin, allowing for the best possible opportunity for convergence between responses.…”

“…1. Only the first 12 ms of the ABR traces was used to derive FFRs to avoid inclusion of the middle latency components which follow the ABR (McGee et al, 1991;Picton et al, 1977). 1 FFRs were simulated by convolving each listener's click ABR response with periodic click trains with different F0 spacing (Eq.…”