Subcritical Water Extraction of Antioxidants from Curculigo latifolia Root

Abstract

This study aims to extract antioxidant compounds from Curculigo latifolia root by subcritical water extraction (SWE). The influence of extraction temperature and time on the antioxidant activity of C. latifolia root extract was investigated in terms of extraction yield, total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), 2, 2′-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS), and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical. The highest extraction yield (36.5%), TPC (92.55 mg GAE/g), TFC (13.26 mg RE/g), and antioxidant activities by ABTS (66.8 mg trolox equivalent/g sample) and DPPH (128.7 mg trolox equivalent/g sample) were detected at 180°C and 30 minutes extraction time. Based on the results, the optimum condition was selected at 180°C and 30 minutes of extraction. The sample was screened by using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis where the phenolic compounds detected were structured based on their [M-H]-peak. The detected phenolic compounds were monobenzone, hydroquinone, phloridzin, pomiferin, mundulone, scandenin, and dimethyl caffeic acid. According to these findings, SWE is a promising, environmentally friendly, and efficient technology in the exploitation of natural products for the development of food and nutraceutical commodities.

Inhibitory evaluation ofCurculigo latifoliaon α-glucosidase, DPP (IV) andin vitrostudies in antidiabetic with molecular docking relevance to type 2 diabetes mellitus

“…The presence of H-bonds is definitely attributed to form a major interaction and regarded to be the main driving force of conformational change of the receptor upon ligand binding. To the best of our knowledge, our present studies were found to be as the first studies that revealed the molecular docking with the compounds that present in C. latifolia extracts and this works is based on continuation from our previous studies that involving with antioxidant activity and screening of compounds by LC-MS analysis 16 . Thus, these studies have been pointed out the potential of phlorizin by inhibiting the activity of α-glucosidase and DPP (IV) enzyme as the new alternative for antidiabetic drugs that potentially being used in the treatment for type 2 diabetes.…”

“…The total volume of the high-pressure stainless steel vessel was 50 ml, thus, it was filled with about 2 g of the C. latifolia root and fruit extract respectively. Similar to what was done in our previous research work, the independent variables were measured at optimum conditions which were set at 180 °C for 30 min of extraction time 16 . All other parameters were held constant, comprising of an extraction pressure of 100 bar, the flow rate of 0.5 ml/min, and water to the solvent ratio of 1:10 w/v .…”

“…Nonetheless, there were no previous studies have yet been revealed on the inhibition of DPP (IV), α-glucosidase assays, and molecular docking and this present research could be regarded as an additional confirmation of antidiabetic properties for this crop. The C latifolia root extracts were previously screened for total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), antioxidant activity and screening of active compounds through LCMS analysis 16 . Therefore, the current studies are conducted with an objective to evaluate antidiabetic properties in the C. latifolia root and fruits extracts with the use of environmentally extraction’s technique, which is subcritical water extraction (SWE) method through inhibitory activities against α-glucosidase and DPP (IV) enzyme along with in vitro studies by examining the glucose uptake and insulin secretion.…”

Untargeted Metabolomics Analysis Using FTIR and UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS of Two Curculigo Species and Evaluation of Their Antioxidant and α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activities

“…possess some biological activities, such as cycloartane glycosides, which are used for leukemia treatment. Curculigosides F was found to inhibit hepatitis B virus (HBV) and antigen (HBeAg) in the HepG2.2.15 cell line, while chlorophenolic glycoside groups, such as curculigine M, curculigine N, and curculigine O, were reported to induce the proliferation of osteoblasts, orcinol glycosides, and 5,7,4′-trihydroxy-3′-methoxy flavone, which have antioxidant activity [ 4 , 5 , 6 ]. The phenolic group of Curculigo spp.…”

Phytochemistry and Pharmacological Activity of Plants of Genus Curculigo: An Updated Review Since 2013

“…For C. latifolia , the extract of the tuber displayed higher antioxidant activity than that of a leaf in a DPPH scavenging assay and a superoxide dismutase assay [ 70 ]. The subcritical water extraction of C. latifolia roots displayed significant antioxidant activity in DPPH and ABTS assays, and further LC-MS analysis revealed that phenolic compounds such as monobenzone, hydroquinone, phloridzin, pomiferin, mundulone, scandenin, and dimethyl caffeic acid were the main active compounds [ 71 ].…”