Sublimation of vapor-deposited water ice below 170 K, and its dependence on growth conditions

Sack, Norbert; Baragiola, R. A.

doi:10.1103/physrevb.48.9973

Cited by 187 publications

(161 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The experiments were conducted in an ultra high vacuum chamber with a base pressure of ~10 -10 Torr. We condensed high-purity ice films by flowing pure degassed water through a collimated capillary array doser onto an electrically grounded gold-coated quartz-crystal microbalance substrate, cooled to temperatures between 40 and 150 K by a liquid helium refrigerator [9]. Upon attachment or detachment of gas molecules, the resonant frequency of the crystal changes proportionally to the deposited mass per unit area.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ion-induced electrostatic charging of ice at 15–160 K

et al. 2012

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We studied electrostatic charging of ice films induced by the impact of 1-200 keV Ar + ions and their subsequent discharging post-irradiation. We derived the positive surface electrostatic potential from the kinetic energy of sputtered molecular ions and with a Kelvin probe. Measurements were performed as a function of film thickness, temperature and ion energy. Charging requires that the projectile ions are stopped in the ice and that the ice temperature is below 160 K. The decay of the electrostatic charge after irradiation is determined by two time constants, corresponding to the detrapping of trapped charges in shallow and deep traps within the ice. Amorphous solid water films are found to charge to a higher electrostatic potential than crystalline ice films. The surface potential of crystalline ice increases and decreases during cooling and warming, respectively, without hysteresis. We present a model to describe the charging and discharging processes.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ion-induced electrostatic charging of ice at 15–160 K

et al. 2012

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“…Thin ice films were deposited at 30 K at the rate of ϳ10 15 molecules cm −2 s −1 from high purity water vapor incident at 45°from an effusive doser onto the gold-mirror surface of a quartz crystal microbalance. The microbalance measures the areal mass of the films, 10 which is converted to column density in molecules/ cm 2 by dividing by the molecular mass. Ices were irradiated at 40 K with 100 keV Ar + ions at a flux of ϳ5 ϫ 10 11 ions cm −2 s −1 , which produces negligible thermal effects on the films.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compaction of microporous amorphous solid water by ion irradiation

Raut¹,

Teolis²,

Loeffler³

et al. 2007

The Journal of Chemical Physics

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We have studied the compaction of vapor-deposited amorphous solid water by energetic ions at 40 K. The porosity was characterized by ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy, and methane adsorption/desorption. These three techniques provide different and complementary views of the structural changes in ice resulting from irradiation. We find that the decrease in internal surface area of the pores, signaled by infrared absorption by dangling bonds, precedes the decrease in the pore volume during irradiation. Our results imply that impacts from cosmic rays can cause compaction in the icy mantles of the interstellar grains, which can explain the absence of dangling bond features in the infrared spectrum of molecular clouds.

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“…The crystallization kinetics will provide information about the properties of supercooled liquid water. A variety of experimental techniques (including desorption, [16][17][18][19][20] physisorption, 11,21-24 infrared spectroscopy, 5,10,[25][26][27][28] and electron microcopy 12,29 ) have been used to study ASW crystallization. The majority of the above mentioned studies report that crystallization occurs via bulk nucleation although a few studies suggest that nucleation may start at the vacuum interface.…”

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confidence: 99%