Submerged fermentation of higher fungus Ganoderma lucidum for production of valuable bioactive metabolites—ganoderic acid and polysaccharide

Submerged fermentation production and characterization of intracellular triterpenoids from Ganoderma lucidum using HPLC-ESI-MS

“…Taking both biomass yield and IT production into consideration, yeast extract was chosen for fermentation of G. lucidum. In addition, mycelia biomass and IT production under 1.8% yeast extract were higher than those in previous reports (Fang and Zhong, 2002b;Xiao et al, 2006;Liu et al, 2012), mainly because of the large amounts of nitrogenous substances and other nutrients contained in yeast extract. To determine the most suitable concentration of yeast extract, five different levels (0.8%, 1.3%, 1.8%, 2.3%, and 2.8% (i.e.…”

“…For the determination of ITs, mycelia were collected as above, mixed with 50× (1 g/50 ml) of 95% ethanol and kept overnight, and then extracted twice by 400 W ultrasound at 75 °C for 1 h. The supernatant was merged and measured (Fang and Zhong, 2002b;Tang and Zhong, 2002;Xiao et al, 2006): 0.1 ml of the sample diluent was heated in a test tube to dry solvent at 60 °C and then 0.2 ml 0.05 g/ml of vanillinglacial acetic acid solution and 0.5 ml of perchloric acid were added and kept at 60 °C for 20 min; finally, 5 ml of glacial acetic acid was added after cooling for 15 min. The IT content was measured under 550 nm and IT production was expressed as follows: IT production (mg/100 ml)=IT content (mg/g)×mycelia biomass (g/100 ml).…”

“…Traditionally, G. lucidum is cultivated in the field, which takes a long time and cannot guarantee standardized products and high yield (Fang and Zhong, 2002b). Bioactivity is much higher in mycelia than in fruiting bodies and spores.…”

The Production, Separation and Stability of Pyoluteorin: A Biological Pesticide

“…The highest production and productivity of Plt were obtained at an initial glycerol concentration of 18 g/L. The Plt production was decreased at high initial glycerol concentrations (21 or 24 g/L), the inhibitory effect of high initial carbon concentration on metabolite biosynthesis was also observed in ganoderic acid biosynthesis by Ganoderma lucidum (Fang & Zhong, 2002).…”

Nutraceutical Potential and Antimicrobial Activity of Ganoderma Lucidum (Fr.) P. Karst

“…The major chemical constituents of G. lucidum, such as polysaccharides, triterpenes, sterols, lectins and some proteins, have beneficial properties for the prevention and treatment of a variety of ailments. It is interesting that more than 150 triterpenes and 50 carcinostatic polysaccharides were identified during the last three decades (Fang and Zhong, 2002;Leung et al, 2002;Klaus and Miomir, 2007). Medicinal mushroom exhibits paramount role in various pharmacological and biological activities such as bactericidal, fungicidal, antitumor, anticancer, immunemodulatory, heart diseases, respiratory, antihepatotoxic and antinociceptive (Ha et al, 2000).G.…”