Sulphate reduction in oxic and sub-oxic North-East Atlantic sediments

Battersby, N.S.

doi:10.1016/0378-1097(85)90407-0

Cited by 7 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…The microbial degradation of organic carbon from primary production and terrestrial input during sedimentation through the deep-water column severely limits organic substrate availability and, subsequently, the activity and density of anaerobic sulfate-reducing bacteria in the deep sea (2,9).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity of Thiosulfate-Oxidizing Bacteria from Marine Sediments and Hydrothermal Vents

Teske

Brinkhoff

Muyzer

et al. 2000

Appl Environ Microbiol

131

114

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Species diversity, phylogenetic affiliations, and environmental occurrence patterns of thiosulfate-oxidizing marine bacteria were investigated by using new isolates from serially diluted continental slope and deep-sea abyssal plain sediments collected off the coast of New England and strains cultured previously from Galapagos hydrothermal vent samples. The most frequently obtained new isolates, mostly from 10 3 -and 10 4 -fold dilutions of the continental slope sediment, oxidized thiosulfate to sulfate and fell into a distinct phylogenetic cluster of marine alpha-Proteobacteria. Phylogenetically and physiologically, these sediment strains resembled the sulfate-producing thiosulfate oxidizers from the Galapagos hydrothermal vents while showing habitat-related differences in growth temperature, rate and extent of thiosulfate utilization, and carbon substrate patterns. The abyssal deep-sea sediments yielded predominantly base-producing thiosulfate-oxidizing isolates related to Antarctic marine Psychroflexus species and other cold-water marine strains of the Cytophaga-FlavobacteriumBacteroides phylum, in addition to gamma-proteobacterial isolates of the genera Pseudoalteromonas and Halomonas-Deleya. Bacterial thiosulfate oxidation is found in a wide phylogenetic spectrum of Flavobacteria and Proteobacteria.Recent microbial surveys of marine offshore and deep-sea sediments have revealed considerable bacterial biodiversity in this extreme marine environment; cultivated isolates from deep-sea trench sediments include members of the actinomycetes, of the low guanine-plus-cytosine gram-positive bacteria, and of alpha-and gamma-Proteobacteria (66, 67). Heterotrophic, aerobic, or denitrifying deep-sea isolates, mostly barophiles, from the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans belong to the gamma-proteobacterial genera Colwellia, Moritella, and Shewanella (14). Anoxic deep sediment layers have yielded nitrate reducers, fermentative bacteria, and sulfate reducers (46). Isolations from deep-sea hydrothermal vents frequently focused on the microbial populations of the sulfur cycle. Reduced sulfur species of hydrothermal origin favor abundant microbial populations of mesophilic sulfur oxidizers, including autotrophic Thiomicrospira and Thiobacillus species (17,30,54,78) as well as heterotrophic sulfur-oxidizing strains (18, 54).The bacterial communities of hydrothermal vent sites and of nonhydrothermal water columns and sediments have at least one significant bacterial type in common, the loosely defined group of the heterotrophic sulfur-oxidizing bacteria (18, 69). These heterotrophic bacteria can oxidize reduced sulfur compounds, but do not depend on this reaction for growth. Two groups with different pH responses can be distinguished, the acid-producing and the base-producing thiosulfate oxidizers (54, 69). In both cases, the pH change is generally in the range of 0.5 to 1.5 pH units (54). Some base-producing strains studied in detail oxidized thiosulfate as an auxiliary electron donor to tetrathionate; this allowed them to use a grea...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity of Thiosulfate-Oxidizing Bacteria from Marine Sediments and Hydrothermal Vents

Teske

Brinkhoff

Muyzer

et al. 2000

Appl Environ Microbiol

131

114

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“…The process of microbial filamentous sulfur formation has been documented in a number of marine environments where both sulfide and oxygen are available. Filamentous sulfur formation by "Candidatus Arcobacter sulfidicus" or similar strains may be an ecologically important process, contributing significantly to primary production in such environments.In the marine environment, hydrogen sulfide is a ubiquitous end product of anaerobic processes of organic matter remineralization (5,23,29,30). At ridge crest sites on the ocean floor, it is produced from the geothermal transformation of sulfate and elemental sulfur leaching via seawater-basaltic rock interaction (26,40,62).…”

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confidence: 99%

Characterization of an Autotrophic Sulfide-Oxidizing Marine Arcobacter sp. That Produces Filamentous Sulfur

Wirsen

Sievert

Cavanaugh

et al. 2002

Appl Environ Microbiol

301

244

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A coastal marine sulfide-oxidizing autotrophic bacterium produces hydrophilic filamentous sulfur as a novel metabolic end product. Phylogenetic analysis placed the organism in the genus Arcobacter in the epsilon subdivision of the Proteobacteria. This motile vibrioid organism can be considered difficult to grow, preferring to grow under microaerophilic conditions in flowing systems in which a sulfide-oxygen gradient has been established. Purified cell cultures were maintained by using this approach. Essentially all 4,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole dihydrochloride-stained cells in a flowing reactor system hybridized with Arcobacter-specific probes as well as with a probe specific for the sequence obtained from reactor-grown cells. The proposed provisional name for the coastal isolate is "Candidatus Arcobacter sulfidicus." For cells cultured in a flowing reactor system, the sulfide optimum was higher than and the CO 2 fixation activity was as high as or higher than those reported for other sulfur oxidizers, such as Thiomicrospira spp. Cells associated with filamentous sulfur material demonstrated nitrogen fixation capability. No ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase could be detected on the basis of radioisotopic activity or by Western blotting techniques, suggesting an alternative pathway of CO 2 fixation. The process of microbial filamentous sulfur formation has been documented in a number of marine environments where both sulfide and oxygen are available. Filamentous sulfur formation by "Candidatus Arcobacter sulfidicus" or similar strains may be an ecologically important process, contributing significantly to primary production in such environments.In the marine environment, hydrogen sulfide is a ubiquitous end product of anaerobic processes of organic matter remineralization (5,23,29,30). At ridge crest sites on the ocean floor, it is produced from the geothermal transformation of sulfate and elemental sulfur leaching via seawater-basaltic rock interaction (26,40,62). When brought into contact with the aerobic biosphere, hydrogen sulfide becomes an energy-yielding substrate for chemosynthetic colorless sulfur-oxidizing bacteria. Members of this group include free-living rods or ovoids of the genera Thiobacillus, Thiomonas, Acidiphilium, Thiomicrospira, and Thiovulum (31,32,34,42) as well as the morphologically conspicuous gliding and nongliding filamentous forms of the genera Beggiatoa, Thioploca, and Thiothrix (19,47,48,69). These organisms are characterized by their ability to catalyze the oxidation of sulfide and its chemically and biologically mediated partial oxidation products (polysulfides, S n 2Ϫ ; elemental sulfur, S 0 ; sulfane monosulfonic acids, HSS n O 3 2Ϫ ]; and polythionates, S n O 6 2Ϫ ) (14, 33, 66) coupled to the fixation of carbon dioxide to organic carbon by utilizing the same CalvinBassham-Benson cycle enzymes as those used by oxygenic phototrophs.Because of the differential rates of oxidation of hydrogen sulfide and derived oxidation products, intermediates may substantially accu...

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“…Our choice of lactate, acetate, and succinate (plus ethanol for spore formers) as single electron donors enabled us to d~stinguish between the major categories to be expected (Laanbroek & Pfennig 1981, Widdel 1988. Also, if lactate in selective media is replaced by alternate electron donors, maximum abundances are still noted for lactate utilizers (Laanbroek & Pfennig 1981, Battersby et al 1985. Presumably, many of the Desulfovibrio spp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…occurring in the partly oxidized environment ( Table 1) may indicate that oxygen tolerance of the spores is not the key for competitive advantage under unstable redox conditions. Survival and activity of SRB in oxidized marine sediments have been explained by anoxic microniches and trapplng of oxygen by the end product of sulfate reduction (Jsrgensen 1977, Laanbroek & Pfennig 1981, Battersby 1985. Furthermore, Desulfovibrio spp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Jerrgensen 1978, Gunnarsson & Ronnow 1982, Hines & Buck 1982. The discovery of further metabolic types of SRB with different substrate requirements (Widdel 1980) made it necessary to extend the range of enrichment 0 Inter-Research/Printed in Germany substrates in order to update estimates for the standing crop of cultivable populations of SRB (Laanbroek & Pfennig 1981, Battersby et al 1985.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sulfate-reducing bacteria in temporarily oxic sediments with bivalves

Bussmann¹,

Reichardt²

1991

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Under seasonally fluctuating redox conditions in sediment of Kiel Bay (eastern Baltic Sea), viable counts (MPN) of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) ranged between 4 X 102 and 7 X 104 cm-3 These MPN appeared fairly independent of ambient redox potentials and followed peaks of phytoplankton productivity in the water column with a time lag of 2 to 3 wk. The relative proportions of SRB using acetate, lactate or succinate as their electron donors fluctuated widely. Shells of the clam Arctica islandfca, which can survive anoxia, were, even In oxlc sediments, colonized by eplzolc SRB Significant differences between the abundance of epizoic SRB and SRB from ambient sediment were not detected.In terms of enrichment kinetics, however, epizo~c SRB, and particularly those d e p e n d~n g on succinate as electron donor, showed quicker responses. It 1s hypothesized that SRB associated with benthic infauna represent the biogeochemically more reactive group.

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Sulphate reduction in oxic and sub-oxic North-East Atlantic sediments

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

Diversity of Thiosulfate-Oxidizing Bacteria from Marine Sediments and Hydrothermal Vents

Diversity of Thiosulfate-Oxidizing Bacteria from Marine Sediments and Hydrothermal Vents

Characterization of an Autotrophic Sulfide-Oxidizing Marine Arcobacter sp. That Produces Filamentous Sulfur

Sulfate-reducing bacteria in temporarily oxic sediments with bivalves

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