“…This frequency domain approach has been revolutionized through line-by-line pulse shaping, in which spectral comb lines resulting from a mode-locked laser are resolved and manipulated individually [12,13], thereby utilizing the advantages of frequency comb and frequency domain pulse shaping simultaneously, allowing the control of more than 100 comb lines at 5 GHz line spacing [14]. However, the disadvantage of this approach is its limited compatibility with optical fiber communication systems, prompting the use of passive fiber devices for pulse shaping, such as fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) [15] and long-period fiber gratings (LPFGs) [4,16,17]. For example, an LPFG-based flat-top pulse shaper has been used in demultiplexing a 320 Gb/s optical time division multiplexing signal [18].…”