Supercapacitive Iontronic Nanofabric Sensing

Abstract

The study of wearable devices has become a popular research topic recently, where high-sensitivity, noise proof sensing mechanisms with long-term wearability play critical roles in a real-world implementation, while the existing mechanical sensing technologies (i.e., resistive, capacitive, or piezoelectric) have yet offered a satisfactory solution to address them all. Here, we successfully introduced a flexible supercapacitive sensing modality to all-fabric materials for wearable pressure and force sensing using an elastic ionic-electronic interface. Notably, an electrospun ionic fabric utilizing nanofibrous structures offers an extraordinarily high pressure-to-capacitance sensitivity (114 nF kPa ), which is at least 1000 times higher than any existing capacitive sensors and one order of magnitude higher than the previously reported ionic devices, with a pressure resolution of 2.4 Pa, achieving high levels of noise immunity and signal stability for wearable applications. In addition, its fabrication process is fully compatible with existing industrial manufacturing and can lead to cost-effective production for its utility in emerging wearable uses in a foreseeable future.

Mild‐Temperature Solution‐Assisted Encapsulation of Phosphorus into ZIF‐8 Derived Porous Carbon as Lithium‐Ion Battery Anode

“…A general strategy is to physically deposit RP in the carbon hosts via an evaporation/condensation process. [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] Note that a necessary high temperature of 500-900 °C is commonly applied in order to ensure the conversion of the bulk RP into the gas phase. In this process, RP sublimates and diffuses in the carbon hosts and finally form a carbon/RP composite.…”

“…[5] Moreover, the unstable, toxic, and flammable white phosphorus will also generate accompanied with the evaporation/condensation process, generally requiring further annealing thereafter washing with toxic CS 2 . [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] Recently, a solution-processed encapsulation method has been developed to facilitate the formation of RP nanoparticles inside MWCNTs and meanwhile allow the easy removal of the external phosphorus anchored onThe high theoretical capacity of red phosphorus (RP) makes it a promising anode material for lithium-ion batteries. However, the large volume change of RP during charging/discharging imposes an adverse effect on the cyclability and the rate performance suffers from its low conductivity.…”

“…[5] Moreover, the unstable, toxic, and flammable white phosphorus will also generate accompanied with the evaporation/condensation process, generally requiring further annealing thereafter washing with toxic CS 2 . [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] Recently, a solution-processed encapsulation method has been developed to facilitate the formation of RP nanoparticles inside MWCNTs and meanwhile allow the easy removal of the external phosphorus anchored on…”

Large‐Area Fabrication of High‐Performance Flexible and Wearable Pressure Sensors

“…Unlike most of the reported pressure sensors with top-bottom electrodes, [1,4,8,9,12,16,[18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25] here, we propose a printable side-by-side electrode configuration (Figure 1b), which makes it easy to miniaturize the sensor format (4 mm × 2 mm, Figure 1c) and also easy to create sensor arrays with self-defined patterns. Unlike most of the reported pressure sensors with top-bottom electrodes, [1,4,8,9,12,16,[18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25] here, we propose a printable side-by-side electrode configuration (Figure 1b), which makes it easy to miniaturize the sensor format (4 mm × 2 mm, Figure 1c) and also easy to create sensor arrays with self-defined patterns.…”

“…Topbottom electrode configurations are the mostly reported sensor layouts with three common scenarios: 1) the pressure-sensing layer is sandwiched between two electrodes; [18][19][20][21][22][23] 2) a conductive pressure-sensing microstructure used as an electrode is paired with a flat counter electrode; [4,24,25] and 3) two conductive microstructures are interlocked with each other. Topbottom electrode configurations are the mostly reported sensor layouts with three common scenarios: 1) the pressure-sensing layer is sandwiched between two electrodes; [18][19][20][21][22][23] 2) a conductive pressure-sensing microstructure used as an electrode is paired with a flat counter electrode; [4,24,25] and 3) two conductive microstructures are interlocked with each other.…”