Suppression of lymphocyte apoptosis in spleen by CXCL13 after porcine circovirus type 2 infection and regulatory mechanism of CXCL13 expression in pigs

Abstract

Porcine circovirus-associated disease (PCVAD) is one of the most serious infectious diseases in pigs worldwide. The primary causative agent of PCVAD is porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2), which can cause lymphoid depletion and immunosuppression in pigs. Our previous study demonstrated that Laiwu (LW) pigs, a Chinese indigenous pig breed, have stronger resistance to PCV2 infection than Yorkshire × Landrace (YL) pigs. In this study, we found that the YL pigs showed more severe lymphocyte apoptosis and higher viral load in the spleen tissue than LW pigs. To illustrate the differential gene expression between healthy and infected spleens, transcriptome profiling of spleen tissues from PCV2-infected and control YL pigs was compared by RNA sequencing. A total of 90 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) was identified, including CD207 , RSAD2 , OAS1 , OAS2 , MX2 , ADRB3 , CXCL13 , CCR1 , and ADRA2C , which were significantly enriched in gene ontology (GO) terms related to the defense response to virus and cell–cell signaling, and another nine DEGs, KLF11 , HGF , PTGES3 , MAP3K11 , XDH , CYCS , ACTC1 , HSPH1 , and RYR2 , which were enriched in GO terms related to regulation of cell proliferation or apoptosis. Among these DEGs, the CXCL13 gene, which can suppress lymphocyte apoptosis during PCV2 infection, was significantly down-regulated in response to PCV2 infection in YL but not in LW pigs. By analysis of the regulatory elements in the promoter and 3′-untranslated region (3′-UTR) of porcine CXCL13 , we found that the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) −1014 G (LW) > A (YL) and the Sus scrofa microRNA - 296 - 5p ( ssc - miR - 296 - 5p ) participated in regulating CXCL13 expression during the response to PCV2 infection. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13567-019-0634-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Matrine combined with Osthole inhibited the PERK apoptosis of splenic lymphocytes in PCV2-infected mice model

“…In this study, KM mice infected with PCV2 showed signs of lung interstitial pneumonia, partial lymphocyte loss and macrophage in ltration in the spleen and the expression of Cap gene were higest in the liver. This conclusion is consistent with previous reports [24] in which piglets infected with PCV2 could cause lymphocyte loss and monocytes in ltration, it is also consistent with the Pathological results of spleen HE in PCV2 infected laiwu pigs (LW) and Yorkshire pigs (YL) [25]. Some researchers demonstarated that the typical symptoms of interstitial pneumonia was observed in piglets [26] and KM mice [22] infected with PCV2, our nding is consistent with the reports mentioned above.…”

The Monoclonal Antibody Recognized the Open Reading Frame Protein in Porcine Circovirus Type 2-Infected Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells

“…Based on previous reports, lymphocyte depletion and apoptosis in lymphoid tissues are histological hallmarks in PCV2-infected pigs [54][55][56]. Interestingly, these histopathological lesions are similar to Marek's disease and African swine fever [57,58].…”

Performance Evaluation of Beekeeping Farms: A Case Study from Gümüşhane, Turkey

“…However, due to slow growth and a low percentage of lean meat, many indigenous pig breeds have been replaced by introduced pig breeds, including the Landrace, Duroc, and Yorkshire. Some Chinese pig breeds have become useful resources for academic research, including the Wuzhishan pig (Xu et al, 2019), Laiwu pig (Liu et al, 2019), Tibetan pig (Zhang et al, 2019), Taihu pig , and the Min pig (Liu et al, 2017).…”