Surface characterization and ageing of ultraviolet-ozone-treated polymers using atomic force microscopy and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy

Teare, D. O. H.; Ton-That, Cuong; Bradley, R.H.

doi:10.1002/(sici)1096-9918(200004)29:4<276::aid-sia740>3.0.co;2-p

Cited by 104 publications

(116 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The oxygen content reported in the survey spectra for the treatment with ozone exceeds by a factor of two the saturation content of 20-30% reported in the literature for UV-ozone treatments. 35,42,59 It is pertinent to note however that the samples discussed in the literature were subject to a water wash prior to analysis -we can therefore infer that approximately half of the oxygen atoms identified in the UV-ozone treatment are only physisorbed to the surface.…”

Section: X-ray Photo-electron Spectroscopy (Xps)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indeed, previous studies reported that some of the ester, carboxylic and carbonyl groups that constitute the dominant surface groups after UV-ozone treatment of polystyrene can be removed by washing, while hydroxyl and ether remain on the surface. 34,59 On the other hand, most of the oxygen content on the surface would be covalently attached in the case of a UV-syngas treatment, which enables a better surface charge retention. All treated beads were re-suspended following the swirling step, while the untreated beads remained adhered to the inner syringe walls.…”

Section: X-ray Photo-electron Spectroscopy (Xps)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gas-Phase Surface Engineering of Polystyrene Beads Used to Challenge Automated Particle Inspection Systems

Labonté

Marion

Virgilio

2016

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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Container challenge sets, used in the qualification and validation of automated visible particle inspection systems in the parenteral drug industry, are prepared by seeding a single standardized polystyrene-divinylbenzene (PS-DVB) bead inside the commercial product to mimic foreign particulates. Due to its low surface energy and wettability, the bead adheres to container walls, hindering its detection by the motion based inspection system. The aim of this research is to modify the surface properties of the bead in such a way that it repulses the inner walls and stays in suspension inside the liquid product. The surface treatment consists of a photoinduced chemical vapor deposition (PICVD) process using syngas and UVC light. Following 2 treatment, newly grafted C-OH, C-O-C, C=O and COOH functional groups on the bead's surface are observed by XPS and FTIR spectroscopy, leading to an increase in the surface energy from 31 ± 1 to 65 ± 2 mJ/m 2 , and a corresponding zeta potential decrease from -38 mV to -61 mV.Finally, treated 100 µm, 200 µm and 500 µm PS-DVB beads suspended in water exhibit higher dispersion stability over time than untreated beads. These results show the potential of syngas PICVD to provide an effective solution to the stability issue of containers challenge sets for the validation of automated particle inspection systems, enabling significant savings of time and money to the parenteral drug industry.

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Section: X-ray Photo-electron Spectroscopy (Xps)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: X-ray Photo-electron Spectroscopy (Xps)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Gas-Phase Surface Engineering of Polystyrene Beads Used to Challenge Automated Particle Inspection Systems

Labonté

Marion

Virgilio

2016

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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“…The predominant species are alcohols or ethers, phenols (Ph-OR), 28 carboxylic acids or esters (ROs CdO), and aldehydes or ketones (R 2 CdO). 15,23,[25][26][27] The total concentration of the oxygen-containing species increases monotonically with time of exposure to UV light and ozone until a level of saturation is reached (∼36 atom %, determined by XPS, when t > 150 s). 15,25,26 Oxygen-containing species are present even on native surfaces of "unoxidized" PS (not UVO oxidized) because surface oxidation occurs naturally for samples aging under ambient laboratory conditions; 29 native PS petri dishes have typically ∼1 atom % oxygen on their surface.…”

Section: I) the Numbers Of Oxygen-containing Groups Present On The Sumentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Surface Modification and Moisture on the Rates of Charge Transfer between Metals and Organic Materials

et al. 2004

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This report is a study of the kinetics of contact charging resulting from the rolling of millimeter-sized metallic spheres on flat surfaces of polystyrene (PS). Charging was studied (i) for different values of the relative humidity (RH) of the air in contact with the system, (ii) in acidic and basic atmospheres, and (iii) for a series of PS surfaces oxidized to different degrees. The rates of charging increased with increasing RH; they were higher in basic atmospheres than in neutral or acidic ones and correlated with the numbers of hydrophilic groups on the surface of the polymer. These findings are consistent with a mechanism that implicates a thin film of water on the surface of PS as an important element of tribocharging in this system.

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“…The wetting tension after UV irradiation slightly increased, which was similar to the previous study. The reason the wetting tension of polymer surface increased might be attributed to the removal of the organic contamination by UV irradiation 12) . The wetting tensions of the resins examined dramatically increased after sandblasting treatment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…UV irradiation is believed to clean the polymer surface by removing the organic contamination and to change the molecular structure of the shallowsurface region [12][13][14][15] . Therefore, during the UV exposure, the polyamide undergoes degradation of the polymer chain 13,16,17) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of ultraviolet light irradiation and sandblasting treatment on bond strengths between polyamide and chemical-cured resin

et al. 2014

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of ultraviolet light (UV) irradiation and sandblasting treatment on the shear bond strength between polyamide and chemical-cured resin. Three types of commercial polyamides were treated using UV irradiation, sandblasting treatment, and a combining sandblasting and UV irradiation. The shear bond strength was measured and analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test (α=0.05). Comparing shear bond strengths without surface treatment, from 4.1 to 5.7 MPa, the UV irradiation significantly increased the shear bond strengths except for Valplast, whose shear bond strengths ranged from 5.2 to 9.3 MPa. The sandblasting treatment also significantly increased the shear bond strengths (8.0 to 11.4 MPa). The combining sandblasting and UV irradiation significantly increased the shear bond strengths (15.2 to 18.3 MPa) comparing without surface treatment. This combined treatment was considered the most effective at improving the shear bond strength between polyamide and chemical-cured resin.

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Surface characterization and ageing of ultraviolet-ozone-treated polymers using atomic force microscopy and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy

Cited by 104 publications

References 23 publications

Gas-Phase Surface Engineering of Polystyrene Beads Used to Challenge Automated Particle Inspection Systems

Gas-Phase Surface Engineering of Polystyrene Beads Used to Challenge Automated Particle Inspection Systems

Effects of Surface Modification and Moisture on the Rates of Charge Transfer between Metals and Organic Materials

Effect of ultraviolet light irradiation and sandblasting treatment on bond strengths between polyamide and chemical-cured resin

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