Surface hydrophobicity: effect of alkyl chain length and network homogeneity

Chen, Wenqian; Karde, Vikram; Cheng, Thomas N.H.; Ramli, Siti Aishah; Heng, Jerry Y. Y.

doi:10.1007/s11705-020-2003-0

Cited by 48 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…The longer the chain, the more hydrophobic the surface. Similar results were obtained by Chen et al (2021) when investigating the effect of silane chain length on the hydrophobicity of spherical silica nanoparticles. They showed that the alkyl chain length was essential for controlling the hydrophobicity (wettability).…”

Section: Surface Wettabilitysupporting

confidence: 84%

“…Such drop covers a relatively large area of the sample compared to the size of the -OH groups and hydrocarbon chains. As the chain length of the alcohol used for esterification increases, the -OH groups remaining on the surface are increasingly shielded by the chains (Chen et al, 2021). When the measurement is carried out by inverse gas chromatography (iGC), the probe molecules can directly interact with the functional groups on the surface, in this case -OH groups.…”

Section: Surface Wettabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Control of glass surface wettability via esterification with n-alkyl alcohols

Kruszelnicki¹,

Polowczyk²,

Kowalczuk³

2021

Physicochem. Probl. Miner. Process.

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Surface wettability plays an essential role in many processes and materials applications. It depends mainly on the surface roughness and chemical composition, thus through a controlled modification of these parameters, the wettability can be restrained. Glass is an inorganic solid material, composed mainly of amorphous silica, which surface, due to the presence of reactive hydroxyl groups, can be quite easily chemically modified. This feature can be used to control the wettability of glass by reaction with organic compounds. In this study, the esterification of glass silanol groups with n-alkyl alcohols (CnH2n+1OH, n=3, 4, 6, 8, 10) was employed to modify its wettability. The effect of such modification on the physicochemical properties of glass surface was comprehensively investigated and characterised by the water contact angle, surface free energy, zeta potential, atomic force microscopy (AFM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) measurements. We demonstrate that the wettability of the esterified glass surface is strongly dependent on both the chain length of used alcohol and modification time. The alcohol molecule binds to the glass surface through a Si-O-C bond, leading to the formation of a monolayer that does not significantly affect the surface morphology and zeta potential. Conducted studies provided a broader view of the influence of this technique for modifying surface wettability on its physicochemical properties.

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Section: Surface Wettabilitysupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Surface Wettabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Control of glass surface wettability via esterification with n-alkyl alcohols

Kruszelnicki¹,

Polowczyk²,

Kowalczuk³

2021

Physicochem. Probl. Miner. Process.

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“…The WCAs were found to be larger when the chain length increased from C6 to C12 regardless of a lower grafting density. These results pointed out that it is easier for a longer alkyl chain to shield the surface from water by forming a hydrophobic network [ 53 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing Mechanical Properties of Graft-Type Nanocomposites Using Organically Modified SiO2 and Polypropylene Containing Reactive Methoxy Groups

et al. 2022

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In situ grafting of a reactive matrix and nanofillers is a promising strategy to fabricate graft-type polypropylene (PP)-based nanocomposites, where the grafting efficiency is affected by the initial dispersion of nanofillers in the matrix. In this work, influences of surface organic modification of nanofillers were investigated on properties of PP/SiO2 nanocomposites using poly(propylene-co-octenyltrimethoxysilane) as a reactive matrix. The surface modification of SiO2, especially with longer alkyl chains, led to improved dispersion of nanoparticles, thus promoting the grafting reaction and mechanical properties. The combination of in situ grafting and surface modification of nanofillers provided several benefits, most notably in balancing the strength and the toughness, which could not be achieved by the grafting alone.

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“…Alkyl chain length has a positive effect on the hydrophobicity of the materials. The longer alkyl chain provides a better shield from the water than the smaller alkyl chains [ 43 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Removal of Oily Contaminants from Water by Using the Hydrophobic Ag Nanoparticles Incorporated Dopamine Modified Cellulose Foam

Baig

Kammakakam

2021

Polymers

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The presence of oil-related contaminants in water has emerged as a severe threat to the environment. The separation of these contaminants from water has become a great challenge, and extensive efforts are being made to develop suitable, environmentally friendly materials. Highly hydrophobic materials are effective in the selective separation of oil from water. In this work, silver (Ag)-incorporated, highly hydrophobic dopamine-modified cellulose sponge was prepared by functionalizing with the range of alkyl silanes. The Ag nanoparticle-incorporated dopamine provided the appropriate roughness, whereas the alkyl component provided the low surface energy that made it selective towards oil. It was found that the alkyl groups with a longer chain length were more effective in enhancing the hydrophobicity of the Ag nanoparticle-incorporated, dopamine-modified cellulose. The developed materials were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), field emission-scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), elemental mapping, and contact angle goniometry. The maximum water contact angle on the functionalized surfaces was observed at 148.4°. The surface of the C18s-Ag-DA-Cell-F showed excellent selectivity towards the oily component that rapidly permeated, and water was rejected wholly. The developed material showed a separation efficiency of 96.2% for the oil/water mixture. The C18s-Ag-DA-Cell-F material showed excellent reusability. Due to their environmentally friendly nature, excellent selectivity, and good separation efficiency, the functionalized cellulose materials can be used to separate oil and water effectively.

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Surface hydrophobicity: effect of alkyl chain length and network homogeneity

Cited by 48 publications

References 37 publications

Control of glass surface wettability via esterification with n-alkyl alcohols

Control of glass surface wettability via esterification with n-alkyl alcohols

Enhancing Mechanical Properties of Graft-Type Nanocomposites Using Organically Modified SiO2 and Polypropylene Containing Reactive Methoxy Groups

Removal of Oily Contaminants from Water by Using the Hydrophobic Ag Nanoparticles Incorporated Dopamine Modified Cellulose Foam

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