Surface-Initiated Controlled Radical Polymerization Approach to In Situ Cross-Link Cellulose Nanofibrils with Inorganic Nanoparticles

Abstract

This paper investigates a strategy to convert hydrophilic cellulose nanofibrils (CNF) into a hydrophobic highly cross-linked network made of cellulose nanofibrils and inorganic nanoparticles. First, the cellulose nanofibrils were chemically modified through an esterification reaction to produce a nanocellulose-based macroinitiator. Barium titanate (BaTiO3, BTO) nanoparticles were surface-modified by introducing a specific monomer on their outer-shell surface. Finally, we studied the ability of the nanocellulose-based macroinitiator to initiate a single electron transfer living radical polymerization of stearyl acrylate (SA) in the presence of the surface-modified nanoparticles. The BTO nanoparticles will transfer new properties to the nanocellulose network and act as a cross-linking agent between the nanocellulose fibrils, while the monomer (SA) directly influences the hydrophilic–lipophilic balance. The pristine CNF and the nanoparticle cross-linked CNF are characterized by FTIR, SEM, and solid-state 13C NMR. Rheological and dynamic mechanical analyses revealed a high dregee of cross-linking.

Antibacterial cellulose-based aerogels for wound healing application: A review

“…However, the authors reported that cellulose aerogels exhibited excellent antibacterial activity with the amoxicillin dose-dependent activity 67 . Immobilization of certain doses of antibiotic inside the aerogel network enhances the activity of the antibiotic, which has been demonstrated in a previous study 68 .…”

“…Cellulose has a unique surface chemistry, permitting it to cross-link with many materials, including protein extracts, antibiotics, and even metal nanoparticles 68 . Zuguang et al 69 prepared hybrid cellulosebased aerogels using silver nanoparticles as antibacterial materials.…”

Aqueous Polymer Modification of Cellulose Nanofibrils by Grafting‐Through a Reactive Methacrylate Group

“…[ 17 ] Through similar reactions, methacrylate groups have been bonded to cellulose derivatives. [ 18,19 ] These completely aqueous modifications can be carried out without the solvent exchanges needed to create CNF macroinitiators, [ 9,20 ] although the efficiency of the functionalization will decrease because of the competing hydrolysis reaction. This functionalization enables a third method to graft polymers to surfaces where a polymerizing chain reacts with a monomer tethered to a surface and continues to polymerize on, following a “grafting‐through” process.…”

A Review on Revolutionary Natural Biopolymer-Based Aerogels for Antibacterial Delivery

“…The loaded aerogels exhibited excellent antibacterial activity with prolonged release of the antibiotic. The ability of cellulose to cross-link with other materials and make many surface interactions with polar and even non-polar compounds enhanced its potential for different biomedical applications [ 118 ]. A novel hybrid aerogel was fabricated by Zuguang et al [ 119 ].…”