Surface Modification of Titanium and Titanium Alloys: Technologies, Developments, and Future Interests

Abstract

Thanks to a considerable number of fascinating properties, titanium (Ti) and Ti alloys play important roles in a variety of industrial sectors. However, Ti and Ti alloys could not satisfy all industrial requirements; the degradation of Ti and Ti alloys always commences on their surfaces in service, which declines the performances of Ti workpieces. Therefore, with aim to further improve their mechanical, corrosion and biological properties, surface modification is often required for Ti and Ti alloys. This article reviews the technologies and recent developments of surface-modification methods with respect to Ti and Ti alloys, including mechanical, physical, chemical, and biochemical technologies. Conventional methods have limited improvement in the properties and/or restriction on the geometry of workpieces. Therefore, many advanced surfacemodification technologies have emerged in recent decades. New methods make Ti and Ti alloys have better performance and extended applications. With requirement of high surface properties in future. Understanding the mechanism in various surface-modification methods, combining the advantages of current technologies and developing new coating materials with high performance are required urgently. As such, incorporation of different surface-modification technologies with high-performance modified layers may be the mainstream of surface modifications for Ti and Ti alloys. . His current research interests focus on the metal additive manufacturing (e.g., selective laser melting, electron beam melting), titanium alloys and composites, and processing-microstructureproperties in high-performance materials.

Exploring Macroporosity of Additively Manufactured Titanium Metamaterials for Bone Regeneration with Quality by Design: A Systematic Literature Review

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Surface Functionalization of Biomedical Ti-6Al-7Nb Alloy by Liquid Metal Dealloying

“…The required mechanical properties can be achieved, for example, via alloy design [4][5][6], tailoring of complex microstructures [7][8][9], or synthesis of porous [10,11] and composite materials [12,13]. The biological compatibility of implant materials can be achieved through avoiding toxic elements and surface functionalization (e.g., surface coating or surface roughening) [14][15][16][17]. Surface roughening increases implant/tissue bonding and enhances osteoinductivity due to increased interfacial contact between the implant and tissue [18].…”

Properties of Micro-Arc Oxidation Coating Fabricated on Magnesium Under Two Steps Current-Decreasing Mode

“…Other surface modification technologies also have different disadvantages (Forero López et al, 2018;Zang et al, 2020). Recently, the micro-arc oxidation (MAO) technique, which is derived from the traditional anodic oxidation, has been employed as an advanced technique to modify the surfaces of Mg alloys (Zhang and Chen, 2019;Zhang et al, 2020). During the MAO process, the specimens work as the anode and the electrolyte pool works as the cathode.…”