Simple renal cysts are those with a benign character, which are frequent and generally asymptomatic, and which involve columnar epithelium (1, 2). Their prevalence increases with age, and it has been shown in studies that they are seen at a rate of 40% in the 40-year-old age group and at a rate of 50% above the age of 50 years (2, 3). Although most of the renal cysts are asymptomatic, patients may have complaints of side pain and hematuria, and also findings such as cyst rupture, hemoperitoneum, and hypertension may be seen (4).Renal cysts can be treated with various methods when they are symptomatic. As they may be symptomatic with pain, they may also be symptomatic with bleeding and superinfection (5). They can be treated with open, laparoscopic, endoscopic, or percutaneous methods (6, 7). Because there may be repeated effusion due to the live cyst wall as a result of cyst aspiration percutaneously, percutaneous methods are used mostly for diagnostic purposes (8). Sclerosing agent injection can be applied afterwards to decrease relapse. Endoscopically, marsupialization or excision of the cyst and removal of the cyst wall with laparoscopic methods are commonly applied treatment alternatives. Among these, percutaneous cyst aspiration and sclerotherapy performed with sclerosing agent injection are the most preferred treatment alternatives because they cause less pain and bleeding, involve a shorter hospitalization duration, and they can be applied even to outpatients (9). It has been demonstrated in previous studies that percutaneous sclerotherapy is practical, effective, and cost effective (10).Sclerotherapy is the prevention of fluid production by destroying the epithelium lining the inside of the cyst and the provision of adhesion (9). Protein denaturation takes place in sclerotherapy performed with ethanol, and fibrous scar tissue forms after cell death (8). Bismuth phosphate, minocycline, ethanolamine oleate, povidone iodine, tetracycline, and iodized oil as sclerosing agents were used with cyanoacrylate, sodium tetradecyl, hypertonic saline, ethanol, and acetic acid (11). Apart from efficacy, showing the least systemic effects or local complications, having high availability, and being cost effective are important in sclerosing agent selection. The cyst fluid volume can be followed, and the sclerosing therapy can be continued by placing the percutaneous nephrostomy catheter for the purpose of increasing the efficacy of the sclerotherapy applied after aspiration of the cyst percutaneously.Percutaneous Nephrostomy and Sclerotherapy with 96% Ethanol for the Treatment of Simple Renal Cysts: Pilot Study Introduction: The objectives of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of aspiration with percutaneous nephrostomy tube and sclerotherapy with 96% ethanol for simple renal cyst.Methods: Between 2011-2014, 34 patients with symptomatic renal cysts were included in the study. Mean age was 52.3±4.6 years (range, 39-72 years). The patients had only flank pain. Procedure was performed with ultrasound guidan...