Surgical mask filter and fit performance

Oberg, Tara; Brosseau, Lisa M.

doi:10.1016/j.ajic.2007.07.008

Cited by 301 publications

(326 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Other studies also reported that penetration ranged from 10% to 47% in dental masks and 53% to 96% in surgical masks (Oberg and Brosseau, 2008). In this study, the penetration range of the dental mask was 16.8-47.9% with the KFDA protocol and 17.2-45.0% with the NIOSH protocol.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 49%

Comparison of Filtration Efficiency and Pressure Drop in Anti-Yellow Sand Masks, Quarantine Masks, Medical Masks, General Masks, and Handkerchiefs

Jung

Kim

Lee³

et al. 2014

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

124

144

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Particulate respirators have been used in both general environments and in the workplace. Despite the existence of certified respirators for workers, no strict regulations exist for masks worldwide. The aims of this study were to evaluate the filter efficiency of various mask types using the Korean Food and Drug Administration (KFDA) [similar to the European Union (EU) protocol] and the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) protocol and to compare the test results. We tested a total of 44 mask brands of four types (anti-yellow sand, medical, quarantine, general) and handkerchiefs with a TSI 8130 Automatic Filter Tester. A wide variation of penetration and pressure drops was observed by mask types. The overall mean penetration and pressure drop of all tested masks were respectively 35.6 ± 34.7%, 2.7 ± 1.4 mm H 2 O with the KFDA protocol, and 35.1 ± 35.7%, 10.6 ± 5.88 mm H 2 O with the NIOSH protocol. All tested quarantine masks satisfied the KFDA criterion of 6%. Six-ninths and four-sevenths of the anti-yellow sand masks for adults and children satisfied the criterion of 20%, respectively. Medical masks, general masks, and handkerchiefs were found to provide little protection against respiratory aerosols.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 49%

Comparison of Filtration Efficiency and Pressure Drop in Anti-Yellow Sand Masks, Quarantine Masks, Medical Masks, General Masks, and Handkerchiefs

Jung

Kim

Lee³

et al. 2014

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

124

144

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Surgical masks generally filter particles to about 5 μm in size. High-filtration masks, also referred to as laser masks, filter particles to about 0.1 μm in size [68]. Approximately 77 % of the particulate matter in smoke is 1.1 μm and smaller [69].…”

Section: And Personal Protective Equipmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although wearing the high-filtration masks affords some respiratory protection, viral particles can be much smaller than 0.1 μm. Surgical and laser masks do not seal to the face and thereby allow contaminants to enter the worker's breathing zone through gaps between the wearer's face and the mask [68]. A mask worn loosely or worn too long is less effective.…”

Section: And Personal Protective Equipmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Safety considerations for Health care Workers involved in Cytoreductive Surgery and Perioperative chemotherapy

Bhatt

Mittal

Gopinath³

2016

Indian J Surg Oncol

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The combined modality treatment of cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) has gained worldwide acceptance for management of selected patients with peritoneal metastases from various cancers. Cytoreductive surgery is performed with the goal of removing all macroscopic disease and is coupled with perioperative chemotherapy (POC) in the form of HIPEC with or without EPIC (early postoperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy) to deal with the microscopic residual disease. These treatments entail the use of cytotoxic drugs in the operation theatre or in the intensive care unit where they are not commonly used and put the healthcare workers participating in the treatment at risk of exposure. CRS is performed with high voltage electrocautery generating a large amount of surgical smoke which is inhaled by the involved personnel and has potential health hazards. This article outlines the safety measures to be taken while performing CRS and POC.

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“…Another study suggested that surgical masks can help patients reduce aerosol shedding of viruses by 3.4 fold, and more viral copies were detected in fine particles (< 5 µm) than coarse particles (> 5 µm) . However, other studies suggested that surgical masks do not provide intended protection, e.g., protecting wounds from infection (Bałazy et al, 2006;Oberg and Brosseau, 2008). Most of the studies discuss the protection efficiencies of respirators against viruses, while little information is available for their breath-borne bacteria shielding.…”

Section: N95mentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluorescent Bioaerosol Particles Resulting from Human Occupancy with and Without Respirators

Yao

2017

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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Airborne transmission of pathogenic aerosols via human breath plays a major role in infectious disease outbreaks in indoor environments. Yet, their bioaerosol emission profiles are still not well quantified. Here, we first studied bioaerosol emission rates of human exhaled breath from 12 healthy subjects, and then evaluated the bioaerosol emissions when wearing two different respirators "Doctor masks" and N95 in a controlled environment (27 m 3 ) using a bioaerosol sensorultraviolet aerodynamic particle spectrometer (UV-APS). The human bioaerosol contribution was further confirmed through classroom observation. The results showed that there was a peak around 1.5 µm for the fluorescent particles emitted from humans' breath. For the controlled environment, the presence of 5 people without wearing masks increased bioaerosol concentration by 107% within 30 min at an average emission rate of 8. resulting from the occupancy. When wearing N95 masks or "Doctor masks", bioaerosol increases were observed to be 81% or 31% for the controlled environment, respectively, lower compared to those without masks. In-classroom observation also showed a fluorescent particle concentration increase of about 50%. In all experiments, we observed a decline in PM number concentration. Bioaerosol emission from exhaled breath was calculated to account for about 17% of the increase in the controlled environment. The results here suggest the need for re-evaluating microbial aerosol exposure risks for medical sites that demand high levels of hygiene even while wearing a respirator.

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Surgical mask filter and fit performance

Abstract: None of these surgical masks exhibited adequate filter performance and facial fit characteristics to be considered respiratory protection devices.

Cited by 301 publications

References 27 publications

Comparison of Filtration Efficiency and Pressure Drop in Anti-Yellow Sand Masks, Quarantine Masks, Medical Masks, General Masks, and Handkerchiefs

Comparison of Filtration Efficiency and Pressure Drop in Anti-Yellow Sand Masks, Quarantine Masks, Medical Masks, General Masks, and Handkerchiefs

Safety considerations for Health care Workers involved in Cytoreductive Surgery and Perioperative chemotherapy

Fluorescent Bioaerosol Particles Resulting from Human Occupancy with and Without Respirators

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