Survey of Japanese Encephalitis Virus in Pigs on Miyako, Ishigaki, Kume, and Yonaguni Islands in Okinawa, Japan

Nidaira, Minoru; Taira, Katsuya; Okano, Sho; Shinzato, Takenori; Morikawa, Takashi; Tokumine, Mitsuo; Asato, Yuko; Tada, Yukihiro; Miyagi, Kunitarou; Matsuda, Seiko; Itokazu, Kiyomasa; Kudaka, Jun; Nakamura, Masaji; Tamanaha, K.

doi:10.7883/yoken.jjid.2009.220

Cited by 12 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 13 publications

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“…Serosurveillances over time on JEV antibodies in humans, cattle, and swine indicate that the virus remains circulating in Japan (Arai et al 2008, Nidaira et al 2009, Matsui et al 2022), with Culex mosquitoes likely playing a key role as maintenance vectors between susceptible hosts. In this study, we found that Culex spp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blood meal source identification and RNA virome determination in Japanese encephalitis virus vectors collected in Ishikawa Prefecture, Japan, show distinct avian/mammalian host preference

Faizah

Kobayashi

Matsumura

et al. 2023

Journal of Medical Entomology

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In Asia, Culex mosquitoes are of particular interest because of their role in maintaining endemic mosquito-borne viral diseases, including the Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV). Nonetheless, host-feeding preferences, along with naturally infecting RNA viruses in certain Culex species, remain understudied. In this study, selected blood-fed mosquitoes were processed for avian and mammalian blood meal source identification. Concurrently, cell culture propagation and high-throughput sequencing (HTS) approaches were used to determine the RNA virome of Culex mosquitoes collected in Ishikawa Prefecture, Japan. The identification of blood meal sources from wild-caught Culex spp. revealed that Culex (Culex) tritaeniorhynchus Giles, 1901, has a robust preference toward wild boar (62%, 26/42), followed by heron (21%, 9/42). The other two species, Culex (Oculeomyia) bitaeniorhynchus Giles, 1901, and Culex (Culex) orientalis Edwards, 1921, showed a distinct preference for avian species, including migratory birds. From the HTS results, 34 virus sequences were detected, four of which were newly identified virus sequences of unclassified Aspiviridae, Qinviridae, Iflaviridae, and Picornaviridae. The absence of observable cytopathic effects in mammalian cells and phylogenetic analysis suggested that all identified virus sequences were insect-specific. Further investigations involving other mosquito populations collected in different areas are warranted to explore previously unknown vertebrate hosts that may be linked to JEV dispersal in nature.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blood meal source identification and RNA virome determination in Japanese encephalitis virus vectors collected in Ishikawa Prefecture, Japan, show distinct avian/mammalian host preference

Faizah

Kobayashi

Matsumura

et al. 2023

Journal of Medical Entomology

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Multiple amino acid variations in the nonstructural proteins of swine Japanese encephalitis virus alter its virulence in mice

Tian

Deng

et al. 2010

Arch Virol

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In a previous study, we performed serial brain-to-brain passages of swine Japanese encephalitis virus in mice and sequenced the complete genomes of the F5 and F20 passaged mouse-adapted variants. In the current study, we analyzed the differences between their genome sequences and found 12 amino acid substitutions in the nonstructural proteins. We also assessed the growth characteristics of these two variants in mammalian cells in vitro and in vivo. Our investigations revealed that the F20 variant had enhanced growth characteristics and modified virulence compared with the F5 variant. We therefore conclude that multiple amino acid substitutions in the nonstructural proteins of swine Japanese encephalitis virus alter its virulence in mice.

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Use of a Multiplex RT-PCR Assay for Simultaneous Detection of the North American Genotype Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus, Swine Influenza Virus and Japanese Encephalitis Virus

Chen

Wei

Zhang

et al. 2010

Agricultural Sciences in China

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A multiplex reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (multiplex RT-PCR) assay was developed and subsequently evaluated for its efficacy in the detection of multiple viral infections simultaneously, in swine. Specific primers for each of the 3 RNA viruses, North American genotype porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus, Japanese encephalitis virus, and swine influenza virus, were used in the testing procedure. The assay was shown to be highly sensitive because it could detect as little as 10 -5 ng of each of the respective amplicons in a single sample containing a composite of all 3 viruses. The assay was also effective in detecting one or more of the same viruses in various combinations in specimens, including lymph nodes, lungs, spleens, and tonsils, collected from clinically ill pigs and in spleen specimens collected from aborted pig fetuses. The results from the multiplex RT-PCR were confirmed by virus isolation. The relative efficiency (compared to the efficiency of separate assays for each virus) and apparent sensitivity of the multiplex RT-PCR method show that this method has potential for application in routine molecular diagnostic procedures.

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Survey of Japanese Encephalitis Virus in Pigs on Miyako, Ishigaki, Kume, and Yonaguni Islands in Okinawa, Japan

Cited by 12 publications

References 13 publications

Blood meal source identification and RNA virome determination in Japanese encephalitis virus vectors collected in Ishikawa Prefecture, Japan, show distinct avian/mammalian host preference

Blood meal source identification and RNA virome determination in Japanese encephalitis virus vectors collected in Ishikawa Prefecture, Japan, show distinct avian/mammalian host preference

Multiple amino acid variations in the nonstructural proteins of swine Japanese encephalitis virus alter its virulence in mice

Use of a Multiplex RT-PCR Assay for Simultaneous Detection of the North American Genotype Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus, Swine Influenza Virus and Japanese Encephalitis Virus

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