Susceptibility to quinupristin/dalfopristin and other antibiotics of vancomycin-resistant enterococci from the UK, 1997 to mid-1999

Johnson, A. P.

doi:10.1093/jac/46.1.125

Cited by 22 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Busani et al. (2004), as well as Johnson et al., 2000; also found high rates in E. faecalis from poultry, but this cannot explain the lower values in conventional keepings. A spontaneous mutation of the rpo ‐gene is reported for rifampicin‐resistant E. faecium (Enne et al., 2004), however, existence of similar mechanisms in E. faecalis remains unknown.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Comparative Analysis on Antibiotic Resistance Characteristics ofListeriaspp. andEnterococcusspp. Isolated From Laying Hens and Eggs in Conventional and Organic Keeping Systems in Bavaria, Germany

Schwaiger

Schmied

Bauer

2010

Zoonoses and Public Health

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By investigating the prevalence and antimicrobial resistance characteristics of Gram-positive bacteria from organic and conventional keeping systems of laying hens, it was to be determined to what extent these properties are influenced by the different systems. For this purpose, a total of 799 cloacal swabs and 800 egg samples were examined. Prevalences for all selected bacteria from cloacal swabs were much the same for both organic and caged birds: Listeria spp.1.3%[org] versus 1.6%[con]; Enterococcus spp. 95.5%[org] versus 97.5%[con]. Egg contents and eggshells were generally contaminated to a lesser extent, primarily with Enterococcus spp. Listeria isolates were susceptible to almost all tested antibiotics, only three Listeria innocua from conventional keepings were resistant to clindamycin; one isolate additionally to imipenem. High percentages of Enterococcus faecalis were resistant to doxycycline and macrolides. Enterococcus faecium proved to have high resistance rates to clindamycin, fosfomycin and erythromycin; 9.1% were even resistant to the reserve antibiotic synercid. Further, Enterococcus spp. showed higher resistance rates to doxycycline, erythromycin, fosfomycin and rifampicin. No glycopeptide resistant enterococci were detected. A correlation between keeping system and resistance/susceptibility rates could be demonstrated. In detail, E. faecalis from organic laying hen husbandries showed significant lower resistance prevalences to tylosin, streptomycin and doxycycline; susceptibility rates were higher for enrofloxacin and ciprofloxacin. Rifampicin and imipenem were more effective in isolates from conventional keepings (P < 0.05). The amounts of resistant isolates of the Enterococcus raffinosus from organic farms were significantly lower, the amounts of sensitive isolates were significantly higher than from conventional farms concerning eight antibiotics (P < 0.05). When comparing the susceptibility/resistance rates, as well as the mean minimum inhibitory concentrations values, the consistent tendency is that bacteria from organic layer flocks are more susceptible to antimicrobials. These results show that organic livestock farming plays a part in contributing to reduced antibiotic resistance.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Comparative Analysis on Antibiotic Resistance Characteristics ofListeriaspp. andEnterococcusspp. Isolated From Laying Hens and Eggs in Conventional and Organic Keeping Systems in Bavaria, Germany

Schwaiger

Schmied

Bauer

2010

Zoonoses and Public Health

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“…It is inactive against E. faecalis and is bacteriostatic against E. faecium [30]; the lack of bactericidal activity may compromise its clinical and bacteriological activity. Currently, less than 4% of clinical isolates are resistant to quinupristin/dalfopristin, as defined by a minimum inhibitory concentration greater than 4 μg.ml −1 [80, 93]. Synergism has been noted when quinupristin/dalfopristin is combined with either doxycycline or rifampicin [94, 95].…”

Section: Gram‐positive Organismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nosocomial bacterial infections in Intensive Care Units. I: Organisms and mechanisms of antibiotic resistance

Lim¹,

Webb²

2005

Anaesthesia

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“…VRE outbreaks are mostly caused by two predominant enterococcal species, namely Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium , whereas vancomycin‐resistant organisms of other species appear only sporadically [1,2,4,5]. Thus, Enterococcus raffinosus is usually represented by few isolates in VRE survey studies or collections [6–11]. To our knowledge, the only description of clonal spread of vancomycin‐resistant E. raffinosus concerned a US hospital between December 1995 and February 1996, where it affected four patients and was detected post factum [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hospital outbreak of vancomycin-resistant enterococci caused by a single clone of Enterococcus raffinosus and several clones of Enterococcus faecium

Kawalec

Kędzierska

Gajda

et al. 2007

Clinical Microbiology and Infection

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A mixed outbreak caused by vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus raffinosus and Enterococcus faecium carrying the vanA gene was analysed. The outbreak occurred in a large hospital in Poland and affected 27 patients, most of whom were colonised, in three wards, including the haematology unit. The E. raffinosus isolates had a high-level multiresistant phenotype and were initially misidentified as Enterococcus avium; their unambiguous identification was provided by multilocus sequence analysis. The molecular investigation demonstrated the clonal character of the E. raffinosus outbreak and the polyclonal structure of the E. faecium isolates. All of the isolates carried the same Tn1546-like element containing an IS1251-like insertion sequence, located on a c. 50-kb conjugative plasmid. One of the E. faecium clones, found previously to be endemic in the hospital, was probably the source of the plasmid. The results of the study suggest that difficulties in identification may have led to an underestimate of the importance of E. raffinosus in vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) control strategies.

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Susceptibility to quinupristin/dalfopristin and other antibiotics of vancomycin-resistant enterococci from the UK, 1997 to mid-1999

Cited by 22 publications

References 8 publications

Comparative Analysis on Antibiotic Resistance Characteristics ofListeriaspp. andEnterococcusspp. Isolated From Laying Hens and Eggs in Conventional and Organic Keeping Systems in Bavaria, Germany

Comparative Analysis on Antibiotic Resistance Characteristics ofListeriaspp. andEnterococcusspp. Isolated From Laying Hens and Eggs in Conventional and Organic Keeping Systems in Bavaria, Germany

Nosocomial bacterial infections in Intensive Care Units. I: Organisms and mechanisms of antibiotic resistance

Hospital outbreak of vancomycin-resistant enterococci caused by a single clone of Enterococcus raffinosus and several clones of Enterococcus faecium

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