Sustained Release Drug Delivery Applications of Polyurethanes

Abstract

Since their introduction over 50 years ago, polyurethanes have been applied to nearly every industry. This review describes applications of polyurethanes to the development of modified release drug delivery. Although drug delivery research leveraging polyurethanes has been ongoing for decades, there has been renewed and substantial interest in the field in recent years. The chemistry of polyurethanes and the mechanisms of drug release from sustained release dosage forms are briefly reviewed. Studies to assess the impact of intrinsic drug properties on release from polyurethane-based formulations are considered. The impact of hydrophilic water swelling polyurethanes on drug diffusivity and release rate is discussed. The role of pore formers in modulating drug release rate is examined. Finally, the value of assessing mechanical properties of the dosage form and approaches taken in the literature are described.

Dissolution Enhancement in Cocoa Extract, Combining Hydrophilic Polymers through Hot-Melt Extrusion

“…The thermal shear caused by HME is not only capable of greatly increasing the degree of interaction between the drug and polymer but also gives rise to a dense and uniform matrix producing granules with excellent flow characteristics, as previously described [ 9 , 11 ].…”

“…Hot-melt extrusion (HME) has gained interest in the pharmaceutical field as a processing technology capable of producing solid dispersions with a high degree of drug-polymer interactions. The simultaneous mechanical and thermal shear of samples achieved by HME can noticeably modify drug properties such as solubility [ 9 ], poor taste, and flowability [ 10 ], while producing sustained drug delivery systems [ 11 ]. Moreover, the association of HME with computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing is expanding its medical potential in the production of prostheses and even in 3D printed drug products [ 12 , 13 ].…”

In vitro study of drug release from various loaded polyurethane samples and subjected to different non-pulsed flow rates

“…Hydrophilic polymers are good candidates here because they are provided with pores facilitating the release of the drug, particularly in the case of poorly soluble drugs. Because of its biocompatibility, biodegradability, good mechanical properties, strength, elasticity, non-toxicity and reasonable price, polyurethane is the most widely used polymer [8,9]. In biological applications, the polyurethane is employed in the form of films, foams, and composites [10,11].…”

Zwitterionic Cysteine Drug Coating Influence in Functionalization of Implantable Ti50Zr Alloy for Antibacterial, Biocompatibility and Stability Properties

“…Zwitterionic coatings are an emerging surface modification for biomaterials that have demonstrated promising results as candidates for creating biofouling surfaces [12,13] at micro- and nanolevel. Amphoteric surfactant polymers such as poly(ethylene glycol) and polyurethane continue to be common materials used for anti-biofouling and drug release [14,15,16]. The major characteristics of these polymers responsible for their anti-biofouling abilities are firstly their electrical neutrality [17] enabling a reduced number of coulombic interactions with various charged domains of proteins, and secondly their hydrophilicity.…”