Swabbing Thoroughly People for COVID-19 Positivity. Insights on the Main Bio-analytical and Microbiology Bias and Concerns

Chirumbolo, Salvatore

doi:10.1007/s00284-020-02167-0

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…As already mentioned, the selection and the correct handling of samples for both molecular and serological analyses are fundamental for the diagnosis of COVID-19 infection. In particular, the collection of samples and the pre-analytical phases are crucial for the positive outcome of the diagnostic procedure ( 37 , 38 ). Different studies have demonstrated that the positivity rate of molecular tests significantly depends on the quality of the starting sample influenced by sample collection, poor quality material, wrong transport or storage, the presence of inhibitors, etc.…”

Section: The Right Test On the Right Sample At The Right Timementioning

confidence: 99%

Current and innovative methods for the diagnosis of COVID‑19 infection (Review)

et al. 2021

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The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has forced the scientific community to rapidly develop highly reliable diagnostic methods in order to effectively and accurately diagnose this pathology, thus limiting the spread of infection. Although the structural and molecular characteristics of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) were initially unknown, various diagnostic strategies useful for making a correct diagnosis of COVID-19 have been rapidly developed by private research laboratories and biomedical companies. At present, rapid antigen or antibody tests, immunoenzymatic serological tests and molecular tests based on RT-PCR are the most widely used and validated techniques worldwide. Apart from these conventional methods, other techniques, including isothermal nucleic acid amplification techniques, clusters of regularly inter-spaced short palindromic repeats/Cas (CRISPR/Cas)-based approaches or digital PCR methods are currently used in research contexts or are awaiting approval for diagnostic use by competent authorities. In order to provide guidance for the correct use of COVID-19 diagnostic tests, the present review describes the diagnostic strategies available which may be used for the diagnosis of COVID-19 infection in both clinical and research settings. In particular, the technical and instrumental characteristics of the diagnostic methods used are described herein. In addition, updated and detailed information about the type of sample, the modality and the timing of use of specific tests are also discussed.

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Section: The Right Test On the Right Sample At The Right Timementioning

confidence: 99%

Current and innovative methods for the diagnosis of COVID‑19 infection (Review)

et al. 2021

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“…16 Penelitian Chirumbolo S tahun 2020 standar emas yang diakui saat ini adalah purifikasi RNA untuk kasus COVID-19. 17 Penelitian Mancini F et al tahun 2020 menjelaskan bahwa purification / pemurnian / purifikasi RNA standar emas untuk deteksi SARS-CoV-2. 18 Penelitian Boodman C et al tahun 2020 mendapati bahwa pengujian untuk SARSCoV-2 bergantung pada reaksi berantai polimerase transkripsi terbalik (RT-PCR).…”

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“…16 Penelitian Chirumbolo S tahun 2020 menjelaskan dari subjek asimtomatik, menunjukkan tingkat kegagalan yang jelas tinggi, karena banyak terkait bias dan kesalahan analitis. 17 Penelitian Habibzadeh P et al tahun 2020 mengingat sensitivitas rendah (tingkat negatif palsu yang tinggi) dari tes RT-PCR untuk diagnosis COVID-19 dalam sampel nasofaring. 20 Penelitian Caruana G et al tahun 2020 mendapati bahwa hasil negatif palsu dapat terjadi karena beberapa faktor seperti tidak adekuatnya sampel yang diambil melalui hidung, tingkat virulensi yang rendah, waktu pengambilan sampel, tipe spesimen (NP swab, OP swab, feses, sputum), dan transportasi (suhu, container).…”

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Diagnostik Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) dengan Pemeriksaan Laboratorium Mikrobiologi Klinik

Damo

Porotu’o

Rambert

et al. 2021

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The world is in fear of the pandemic Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) which is so deadly, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the world a global health emergency. The number of confirmed cases is still very high until now, even in Indonesia this pandemic is still not over. The transmission is so fast and wide, plus the current clinical manifestations of COVID-19 have varied, ranging from asymptomatic to severe. This literature review aims to determine the Diagnostic of COVID-19 with the most appropriate Clinical Microbiology Laboratory Examination and to find out the importance of Clinical Microbiology Laboratory examinations in COVID-19 Diagnostics. The method used is in the form of literature studies from several scientific sources that are accurate and valid regarding the Diagnostic of COVID-19 with Clinical Microbiology Laboratory Examination. The results showed that Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) is the gold standard in detecting COVID-19 although there are several factors that can affect the results of the PCR examination which then cause false negatives / positives. Conclusion Clinical Microbiology Laboratory Examination is very important and very helpful. Diagnostic COVID-19 in the Microbiology Laboratory can be done by using Rapid Diagnostic Test (RDT) Antigen, RDT Antibody, PCR, and Virus Culture. Diagnostic COVID-19 with the recommended Clinical Microbiology Laboratory Examination and the gold standard is PCR examination. However, there are also several factors that can affect the results of the PCR examination.Keywords: diagnostic, COVID-19, Clinical Microbiology Laboratory Abstrak: Dunia sedang dalam ketakutan dengan pandemi Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) yang begitu mematikan, Organisasi Kesehatan Dunia (WHO) menyatakan dunia sebagai darurat kesehatan global. Jumlah kasus yang terkonfirmasi masih sangat tinggi hingga saat ini, bahkan di Indonesia pandemi ini masih belum berakhir. Penularannya begitu cepat dan luas, sertta manifestasi klinis COVID-19 yang bervariasi, mulai dari asimtomatik hingga parah. Tinjauan pustaka ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Diagnostik COVID-19 dengan Pemeriksaan Laboratorium Mikrobiologi Klinik yang paling sesuai dan untuk mengetahui pentingnya pemeriksaan Laboratorium Mikrobiologi Klinik dalam Diagnostik COVID-19. Metode yang digunakan berupa studi pustaka dari beberapa sumber ilmiah yang akurat dan valid mengenai Diagnostik COVID-19 dengan Pemeriksaan Laboratorium Mikrobiologi Klinik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) merupakan gold standard dalam mendeteksi COVID-19 meskipun terdapat beberapa faktor yang dapat mempengaruhi hasil pemeriksaan PCR yang kemudian menimbulkan false negatif/positif. Kesimpulan Pemeriksaan Laboratorium Mikrobiologi Klinik sangat penting dan sangat membantu. Diagnostik COVID-19 di Laboratorium Mikrobiologi dapat dilakukan dengan menggunakan Antigen Rapid Diagnostic Test (RDT), Antibodi RDT, PCR, dan Kultur Virus. Diagnostik COVID-19 dengan Pemeriksaan Laboratorium Mikrobiologi Klinik yang direkomendasikan dan menjadi gold standard adalah PCR. Namun, ada juga beberapa faktor yang dapat mempengaruhi hasil pemeriksaan PCR.Kata Kunci: diagnostik, COVID-19, Laboratorium Mikrobiologi Klinik

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Swabbing Thoroughly People for COVID-19 Positivity. Insights on the Main Bio-analytical and Microbiology Bias and Concerns

Cited by 2 publications

References 25 publications

Current and innovative methods for the diagnosis of COVID‑19 infection (Review)

Current and innovative methods for the diagnosis of COVID‑19 infection (Review)

Diagnostik Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) dengan Pemeriksaan Laboratorium Mikrobiologi Klinik

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