Sweat collection from athletes.

Pilardeau, Paul; Harichaux, P; Chalumeau, M T; Vasseur, B; Vaysse, J; Garnier, M

doi:10.1136/bjsm.19.4.197

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Local sweat analysis has been investigated using gauze pads or highly absorbent pads (Figure b) . Sweat rate is calculated from pre/post‐exercise pad weights and the sweat compound analysis is performed via centrifugation.…”

Section: Sweat Collectorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wearable Sweat Sensors: Background and Current Trends

Kaya

Liu

Ho³

et al. 2018

Electroanalysis

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Sweat‐related physiology research has been well established over the years. However, it has only been around ten years that sweat‐based sensing devices started to be explored. With the recent advancements in wearable activity and physiology monitoring devices, sweat was investigated for its contents similar to blood and corresponding wearable devices were studied intensively. This article provides a thorough review on sweating mechanisms, sweat sensing devices, and electronic technologies for sweat sensor implementations. Potential future directions and recommendations based on current research trends were provided in each section. This review aims to offer a unique perspective from both physiology and engineering point‐of‐view to draw a complete landscape of the sweat sensing research.

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Section: Sweat Collectorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wearable Sweat Sensors: Background and Current Trends

Kaya

Liu

Ho³

et al. 2018

Electroanalysis

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“…Once the testing has completed, the solution is drained through the brass liquid solenoid valves (Adafruit-product ID #996, New York City, NY, USA) to the bottom trash bin. The custom-made metal controller box (Diarco model [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24] hand press brake was used) was used to place all of the electronic components where a metal frame was slid into the box.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With the real-time sweat monitoring devices on the rise, sweat collection methods become more crucial. Traditional methods, such as whole body wash [18] or absorbent pads [19] cannot be used for these portable devices, where only microliters of sweat are necessary. Therefore, significant efforts were spent on first modifying the traditional sweat collection methods to fit into a smaller form-factor for portability, such as Macroduct [16,20] (a commercial sweat collection device that was developed for Cystic Fibrosis diagnosis on infants [21]), fabric wicking [6], and modified absorbent pads [22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Artificial Sweating System for Sweat Sensor Testing Applications

et al. 2019

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This research proposes a completely automated, computer-controlled fluid mixing and dispensing system, which is suitable for testing sweat sensing devices, as an alternative to requiring human trials during the development phase of a sweat sensor device. An arm mold was designed and implemented with dragon skin and pores to simulate sweating action. The relay controlled mixing tanks allow for the different concentration of fluid solutions at various rates of fluid dispensing through pores. The onboard single board computer controls a dozen electronic relays and it switches and presents an easy to use graphical user interface to allow end users to conduct the experiments with ease and not require further programming. With the recent advances in sweat sensors, this platform offers a unique way of testing sensing devices during development, allowing for researchers to focus on their design parameters one at a time before actual validation through human trials are conducted. The current device can provide sweat rates from 1 µL/min to 500 µL/min. Furthermore, concentrations of 10 mM up to 200 mM of salt concentrations were able to be repeatedly produced. In an ANOVA test with salt concentrations varying from 40–60 mM, a p-value of 0.365 shows that the concentration does not have any effect on the flow rate. Similarly, a p-value of 0.329 and 0.167 for different relative humidity and temperature shows that the system does not present a statistical difference. Lastly, when the interactions among all the factors were considered, a p-value of 0.416 clearly presents that the system performance is insensitive to different factors, thus validating the system reliability.

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“…Changes in lactate sweat levels reflect the fitness level and correspond to the exercise intensity. 34,35 Sweat lactate can also be used as a marker of tissue viability and may provide warning for pressure ischemia, reflecting the insufficient oxidative metabolism and a compromised tissue viability. 36 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eyeglasses based wireless electrolyte and metabolite sensor platform

et al. 2017

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The demand for wearable sensors has grown rapidly in recent years, with increasing attention being given to epidermal chemical sensing. Here, we present the first example of a fully-integrated eyeglasses wireless multiplexed chemical sensing platform capable of real-time monitoring of sweat electrolytes and metabolites. The new concept has been realized by integrating an amperometric lactate biosensor and a potentiometric potassium ion-selective electrode on the two nose bridge pads of the glasses and interfacing them to a wireless electronic backbone placed on the glasses arms. Simultaneous real-time monitoring of sweat lactate and potassium levels with no apparent cross-talk is demonstrated along with wireless signal transduction. The electrochemical sensors were screen printed on a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) stickers and placed on each side of the glasses nose pads in order to monitor sweat metabolites and electrolytes. The electronic backbone on the arms of the glasses frame offers control of the amperometric and potentiometric transducers and enables Bluetooth wireless data transmission to the host device. The new glasses system offers an interchangeable-sensor feature in connection to variety of different nose-bridge amperometric and potentiometric sensor stickers. For example, the lactate bridge-pad sensor was replaced with a glucose one to offer convenient monitoring of sweat glucose. Such fully-integrated wireless “Lab-on-a-Glass” multiplexed biosensor platform can be readily expanded for the simultaneous monitoring of additional sweat electrolytes and metabolites.

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Sweat collection from athletes.

Cited by 10 publications

References 13 publications

Wearable Sweat Sensors: Background and Current Trends

Wearable Sweat Sensors: Background and Current Trends

An Artificial Sweating System for Sweat Sensor Testing Applications

Eyeglasses based wireless electrolyte and metabolite sensor platform

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