Symmetric Dimethylarginine

Relford, Roberta L.; Robertson, Jane; Clements, Celeste

doi:10.1016/j.cvsm.2016.06.010

Cited by 91 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Creatinine and, most recently, SDMA are useful serum markers of decreased kidney function in cats and dogs [30]. In our study, 13/14 (93%) and 14/14 (100%) FeMV-positive cats had sCr and SDMA concentration, respectively, below the suggested IRIS CKD staging cut-off values for stage 2.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 46%

Early Renal Involvement in Cats with Natural Feline Morbillivirus Infection

Crisi

Dondi

Luca

et al. 2020

Animals

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Feline morbillivirus (FeMV) is a newly discovered paramyxovirus infecting domestic cats and its role in the pathogenesis of feline chronic kidney disease (CKD) has been suggested, however not confirmed. The primary aim of the study was to evaluate the renal damage associated with FeMV infection in cats. In this retrospective study, clinical and clinicopathological data were compared among 14 FeMV naturally infected, 21 CKD and 22 healthy cats. FeMV positive cats had serum chemistry analytes and main urine chemistry results similar to the healthy subjects. FeMV positive cats had significantly decreased urine specific gravity (median 1054, range 1022–1065) and urine creatinine (median 227.23 mg/dL, range 83.02–489.75) when compared with healthy cats (median 1067, range 1040–1080, p < 0.001; median 406.50 mg/dL, range 195.32–575.58; p < 0.001, respectively). Urine protein:creatinine ratio (UPC) results of FeMV and CKD were not different (median 0.20, range 0.08–1.03; median 0.23, range 0.10–0.80, respectively), however UPC results were significantly increased in both groups, if compared with healthy cats (median 0.1, range 0.04–0.250, p < 0.01). Based on clinical data, serum creatinine concentration, urine specific gravity and UPC results, CKD was suspected by clinicians in 3/14 FeMV cats. Urine protein sodium-dodecyl-sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) in 10/13 (77%) FeMV cats indicated a tubular pattern, with a decrease of uromodulin and an increase in the number and intensity of low molecular weight proteins. FeMV infection can be associated with different grades of renal dysfunction ranging from mild tubular proteinuria with less concentrated urine to azotemia in cats younger than those typically affected by CKD.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 46%

Early Renal Involvement in Cats with Natural Feline Morbillivirus Infection

Crisi

Dondi

Luca

et al. 2020

Animals

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“…The International Renal Interest Society (IRIS) defines stage 1 CKD in dogs as blood creatinine <1.4 mg/dL or symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA) <18 but >14 μg/dL, along with another renal abnormality [ 1 ]. SDMA is an early indicator of CKD, and its measurement is easy to analyze and correlates with the gold standard of kidney function, glomerular filtration rate (GFR) [ 2 , 3 ]. Of dogs aged 7–11 years, 8–12% have elevated SDMA and/or creatinine, and the percentage increases further with age [ 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Added Dietary Betaine and Soluble Fiber on Metabolites and Fecal Microbiome in Dogs with Early Renal Disease

Ephraim¹,

Jewell

2020

Metabolites

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Renal diets are recommended for dogs with chronic kidney disease (CKD). This study examined the effects of foods with added betaine and fiber on the plasma and fecal metabolome and fecal microbiome in dogs with early stage CKD. At baseline, several metabolites differed between healthy dogs and those with CKD. Dogs with CKD (n = 28) received a control food, low soluble fiber plus betaine food (0.5% betaine, 0.39% oat beta-glucan, and 0.27% short-chain fructooligosaccharides (scFOS)), or high soluble fiber plus betaine food (0.5% betaine, 0.59% oat beta-glucan, and 0.41% scFOS) each for 10 weeks in different sequences. Consumption of test foods led to several favorable, significant changes in the plasma metabolome, including decreases of several uremic toxins and other deleterious metabolites, and increases in favorable metabolites compared with the control food. Only 7 fecal metabolites significantly changed with consumption of the test foods compared with the control food, largely increases in polyphenols and lignans. Few changes were seen in the fecal microbiome, though some taxa that significantly changed in response to the test foods have beneficial effects on health, with some negatively correlating with uremic toxins. Overall, foods with added betaine and soluble fiber showed positive effects on the plasma and fecal metabolomes.

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“…Liquid chromatography- mass spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis for SDMA is considered the gold standard due to its accuracy and precision, but is costly, time-consuming, and is not readily available [ 19 ]. Veterinary clinicians need a cost-effective, timely, and accurate test to maintain SDMA as an essential part of a routine chemistry profile.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative performance of IDEXX SDMA Test and the DLD SDMA ELISA for the measurement of SDMA in canine and feline serum

et al. 2018

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Kidney disease is common in companion animals, and traditionally diagnosed with serum creatinine concentration (sCr), blood urea nitrogen, and abnormal urinalysis findings. Symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA) is a novel kidney biomarker that reflects glomerular filtration rate, increasing earlier than sCr with acute kidney injury and chronic kidney disease. This prospective study compared accuracy and precision of two commercial SDMA assays, the IDEXX SDMA Test and the DLD SDMA ELISA, relative to the established reference method, liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Thirty canine and 30 feline pooled serum samples were used to evaluate accuracy compared to LC-MS. Pooled canine samples with a low SDMA concentration and pooled feline samples with a high SDMA concentration were used to evaluate precision. Using a best fit linear model, the IDEXX SDMA Test resulted in a slope of 1.06 and an intercept of 0.34, with R2 = 0.99, and the DLD SDMA ELISA resulted in a slope of 0.37 and an intercept of 11.33, with R2 = 0.27, when compared to LC-MS. Estimated bias over a clinically relevant range for SDMA (10–45 μg/dL) was 1–2 μg/dL for the IDEXX SDMA Test, while DLD SDMA ELISA showed considerable bias, 5–8 μg/dL. Day-to-day precision analysis of the low SDMA concentration samples showed 7.7% total coefficient of variation (CV) for the IDEXX SDMA Test and 31.1% for the DLD SDMA ELISA. For the high SDMA concentration samples, total CV was 2.3% for the IDEXX SDMA Test and 28.2% for the DLD SDMA ELISA. In this study the IDEXX SDMA Test was more accurate and more precise in macroscopically normal serum than the DLD SDMA ELISA when compared to the reference method of LC-MS. The IDEXX SDMA Test is more suitable for clinical use in the diagnosis and monitoring of kidney disease in dogs and cats.

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Symmetric Dimethylarginine

Cited by 91 publications

References 40 publications

Early Renal Involvement in Cats with Natural Feline Morbillivirus Infection

Early Renal Involvement in Cats with Natural Feline Morbillivirus Infection

Effect of Added Dietary Betaine and Soluble Fiber on Metabolites and Fecal Microbiome in Dogs with Early Renal Disease

Comparative performance of IDEXX SDMA Test and the DLD SDMA ELISA for the measurement of SDMA in canine and feline serum

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