Symptoms of Tobacco Withdrawal

Hughes, John R.; Gust, Steven W.; Skoog, Kelli; Keenan, Robert M.; Fenwick, James W.

doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1991.01810250054007

Cited by 424 publications

(105 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Anger is one of the most prominent mood perturbations during smoking abstinence (Hughes et al 1991;Ward et al 2001), and therefore is likely to have a broad contribution to the high relapse rates in smokers, especially during the first few days of a quit attempt. Indeed a previous report showed that increased anger in early abstinence was associated with early relapse in the same time frame reported here (Swan et al 1996).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Also, smokers who experience anger situations are likely to increase their smoking behaviors (Jamner et al 1999;Kalman 2002;Kenford et al 2002). However, the extent to which negative affect influences smoking behavior is highly variable between individuals and is influenced by various situational factors (Gilbert 1995;Abrams et al 1988;Gilbert et al 2002;Hughes et al 1991).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In laboratory studies, effects of anger seem to be more consistently present when provocation of anger is applied (Everson et al 1995;Engebretson et al 1989;Larson and Langer 1997). While the present study does not include a specific anger provocation procedure, it focuses on nicotine withdrawal among smokers, a phenomenon known to increase irritability and anger (Hughes et al, 1991). This natural manipulation may be more relevant to the experience of these individuals than circumscribed laboratory provocation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies have shown that personality traits (e.g., related to depression and anxiety) may also predict risk for smoking relapse (Hall et al 1993;Hughes et al 1991;Killen and Fortmann 1997). Research also suggests that subjects who relapse within the first week of a quit attempt experience greater negative affect than those who successfully abstain (al'Absi et al 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Anger and psychobiological changes during smoking abstinence and in response to acute stress: Prediction of smoking relapse

Al’Absi

Carr

Bongard

2007

International Journal of Psychophysiology

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Nicotine may be used to manage negative emotions, and recent research suggests that smokers with high levels of hostility may use cigarettes to cope with anger provoking situations. This study evaluated the extent to which a high level of trait anger is associated with risk for relapse among smokers interested in cessation. Chronic smokers with different levels of trait anger provided reports of withdrawal symptoms, craving, and state anger, and collected saliva samples for cortisol during 24-hour ad libitum smoking and the first 24-hour abstinence period of a quit attempt. They also attended a laboratory session conducted after the 24-hour abstinence during which they performed brief mental and social stress challenges and provided blood samples for adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) and cortisol assays. High trait anger was associated with greater increases in state anger, withdrawal symptoms, and craving during the first 24 hour of abstinence. It was also associated with greater ACTH concentrations during the laboratory session. High trait anger was also associated with increased risk for early relapse. The findings support the hypothesis that smokers high in anger trait may have greater mood difficulties during abstinence and may be more vulnerable to early relapse than smokers with low anger trait.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Anger and psychobiological changes during smoking abstinence and in response to acute stress: Prediction of smoking relapse

Al’Absi

Carr

Bongard

2007

International Journal of Psychophysiology

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“…É provável que isto tenha ocorrido pela própria abstinência à nicotina, que teria efeito ansiogênico, 19,20 desencadeando ataques de pânico em uma paciente que já tinha TP. Apesar de relatar piora dos sintomas de ansiedade e pânico, a paciente conseguiu parar de fumar.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Transtorno de pânico e tabagismo

Valença

Nardi

Nascimento

et al. 2001

Rev. Bras. Psiquiatr.

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KeywordsA relação entre transtorno de pânico e tabagismo é tema de interesse clínico. A associação entre transtorno de pânico e tabagismo foi revisada pelo sistema Medline (1980 a 2001), utilizando as seguintes palavras-chave: "tabagismo", "tabaco", "transtorno de pânico", "transtornos de ansiedade". As referências dos artigos encontrados também foram consultadas. Em dois casos clínicos atendidos no Laboratório de Pânico e Respiração da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, foi encontrada uma relação positiva entre tabagismo e transtorno de pânico. Em ambos os casos, houve melhora dos sintomas de ansiedade, ataque de pânico e abstinência de nicotina após tratamento farmacológico do transtorno de pânico. Estudos podem esclarecer a existência de possíveis mecanismos etiopatogênicos comuns entre tabagismo e transtorno de pânico, bem como responder a questões terapêuticas específicas.Tabagismo. Tabaco. Transtorno de pânico. Transtornos da ansiedade.

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