Syntax based error concealment

A combined multiple-candidate likelihood decoding and error concealment scheme for compressed video transmission over noisy channels

“…After the slice candidates with syntax/semantic violation are removed, the worst remaining degradations result from either error in the DC values or left/right shifts in the macroblocks [7]. Both these egregious errors may propagate along the slice, and then infect subsequent frames via motion compensation.…”

“…In [7], locations of errors within the bit stream are estimated using a simple detection code (parity check). The syntax/semantics of the bit stream and spatial discontinuity are used to correct/conceal errors.…”

Iterative joint source–channel decoding of H.264 compressed video

“…While the source decoders in [5][6][7][8] only detect syntax errors, several other schemes [9][10][11] include source decoders that try to conceal syntax errors. These schemes generate several candidates for each video slice.…”

“…Ma and Lynch in [12] proposed a transmission scheme that combines iterative joint source-channel decoding (as in [5][6][7][8]) and error concealment in source decoding (as in [9][10][11]). The proposed scheme uses turbo coding and MPEG-4 video compression.…”

Spatiotemporal error concealment with optimized mode selection and application to H.264

“…This problem is typical for both conversational and streaming video applications, and cannot be completely solved by carrying out retransmissions. Error concealment tools have the purpose of providing a minimum degree of quality even in case of packet losses; they attempt to either correct the errors [12,13] or to estimate the missing data from the received ones [22]. Both spatial and temporal error concealment algorithms have been proposed.…”