Synthesis and Characterization of a Conductive Polyaniline/Clay Hybrid System

Abstract

This paper presents the synthesis and characterization of polyaniline/montmorillonite hybrid polymer. Montmorillonite is a natural clay mineral. By an intercalative polymerization reaction the hybrid is synthesized. In our study, electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectra were examined together with controls (PANI and clay) with the EPR signals from all the PANI/clay samples showing very high spin density (10 19 spins/g polymer). PANI/clay samples show g-values higher than that of pure PANI control. Dc conductivity was measured by a four-point probe method and it was found not to be a linear function of PANI content, but the values are consistent with a percolation threshold.

Structural changes of polyaniline/montmorillonite nanocomposites and their effects on physical properties

“…3c and 3d. The band at 1296 cm 21 for the simple mixture and PANI-ES, assigned as the stretching vibration of C-N (n(C-N)) as indicated by a thick arrow in Fig. 3b, is significantly shifted to 1311 cm 21 for the intercalated nanocomposite as shown in Fig.…”

“…After the observation of PANI intercalation into Cu 21 exchanged silicates by Cloos et al in 1979, 19 a number of studies on the preparation, properties and applications of PANI/layered silicate nanocomposites were carried out. [10][11][12][13][14][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28] Most recently, Yang and Chen reported the synthesis of PANI/ organically modified clay nanocomposites and found that more PANI chains are formed between interlayer spacings of the modified clay, especially for HOOC(CH 2 ) 11 NH 3 1 modified clay because the acidic HOOC(CH 2 ) 11 NH 3 1 ions residing between interlayer spacings provide a stronger driving force for the intercalation of aniline monomer. 29 Yeh et al reported that regardless of clay content, the synthesis of PANI/clay nanocomposites with exfoliated silicate layers of clay was realized and they investigated the effect of such nanocomposites on the corrosion protection of cold rolled steel (CRS) when compared with that of an emeraldine base of PANI using a series of electrochemical measurements of corrosion potential and polarization resistance.…”

Electrorheological Fluids

“…[59] Polyanilines can be hybridized with inorganic materials such as montmorillonite [75] and coated on the surface of inorganic particles [76] to improve the ER performance. Approaches to the fabrication of polyaniline-coated [77] or polypyrrole-coated [78] ceramic composite materials are available, and many polymer/inorganic composite ER materials are expected to have the advantages of both polymeric and inorganic ER materials.…”

Electrical conductivity and ion-exchange kinetic studies of a crystalline type `organic–inorganic' cation-exchange material: polypyrrole/polyantimonic acid composite system, (Sb2O5) (–C4H2NH–)·nH2O

“…In the past few years, researchers have shown much interest, from both the solid-state scientific and inorganic chemical perspectives, in the study of the electrically conducting behavior of 'organo-inorganic' composite materials [19][20][21][22][23][24]. Special interest today is focused on composite systems having high conductivity at ambient and sub-ambient temperatures, since they find unique applications, such as for separators in high power, versatile and rechargeable lithium batteries.…”