Synthesis and characterization of nickel-doped diamond-like carbon film electrodeposited at a low voltage

Ma, Kedong; Yang, Guangbin; Yu, Laigui; Zhang, Pingyu

doi:10.1016/j.surfcoat.2010.01.039

Cited by 26 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Diamond-like carbon (DLC) films are widely investigated because of their unique structures and many technologically important mechanical, electronic, optical, and magnetic properties . DLC films are used as a protective coating in various industrial applications and are considered in the fields of solar cell, magnetic-disk storage devices, medical application, etc. − To tailor the properties of DLC films for the desired technological applications, particularly to reduce the high level of residual compressive stress, which deteriorates the adhesion between the film and the substrate and leads to failure of the coated surface, other elements such as Ti, W, Cr, Ni, Cu, and Ag are often incorporated into the carbon matrix. − Compared with the addition of soft and ductile Ni, Cu, or Ag into amorphous carbon matrix, the alloying of DLC with the carbide-forming element (Ti, W, or Cr) can significantly decrease the stress without seriously deteriorating the hardness because hard carbide nanoparticulates form. − For example, Wang et al , revealed that when the incorporated W atoms were dissolved in the carbon matrix without forming a WC 1– x phase, the pivotal action of the W atoms reduced the stain energy that appeared from the distortion of the bond angles, which significantly reduced the residual stress.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Probing the Stress Reduction Mechanism of Diamond-Like Carbon Films by Incorporating Ti, Cr, or W Carbide-Forming Metals: Ab Initio Molecular Dynamics Simulation

Wang

2015

J. Phys. Chem. C

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Ab initio molecular dynamics simulation based on density functional theory was performed to investigate (Ti, Cr, or W)-incorporated diamond-like carbon (DLC) films. The structure models were generated from liquid quench containing 64 atoms. The dependence of the residual compressive stress, bulk modulus and tetracoordinated C content on the Ti, Cr, and W concentrations in the range of 1.56 to 7.81 atom % was studied. The present simulation results reveal that the residual stress strongly depends on the incorporated Ti, Cr, and W atoms. With the incorporation of Ti at 1.56 atom %, Cr at 4.69 atom %, and W at 3.13 atom % to DLC films, the compressive stress was reduced by 46.9%, 81.4%, and 82.5%, respectively, without obvious deterioration of the mechanical properties. However, at higher Ti, Cr, and W concentrations, the compressive stress increased for each case, which was consistent with the experimental results. Structural analysis using both the bond angle and bond length distributions indicates that the small amount of Ti or W incorporation efficiently relaxes both the highly distorted bond angles and bond lengths, whereas the Cr incorporation only relaxes the distorted bond lengths, which decreases the residual compressive stress and provides theoretical explanations for the experiments.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Probing the Stress Reduction Mechanism of Diamond-Like Carbon Films by Incorporating Ti, Cr, or W Carbide-Forming Metals: Ab Initio Molecular Dynamics Simulation

Wang

2015

J. Phys. Chem. C

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“…Incorporation of nanocrystalline chromium into DLC network could significantly improve wear resistance of the coating [46] while formation of titanium carbide in a carbon matrix could cause adhesion enhancement, thermal stability and outstanding mechanical properties [47]. Doping DLC with Nickel could also increase electrical conductivity, reduce coefficient of friction, and enhance wear resistance and form great adhesion to substrate because of strong bonds [48]. No degradation and oxidation has been found in Mo and W doped DLC films after annealing in 500 °C [44].…”

Section: Metal Doped Dlcmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication and characterization of adherent diamond-like carbon based thin films on polyethylene terephthalate by end hall ion beam deposition

Ashtijoo

Bhattacherjee

Sutarto

et al. 2016

Surface and Coatings Technology

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The application of Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) has been steadily increasing during recent years. However, its low wear resistance, high gas permeation rate and poor biocompatibility have significantly limited its applications in some specific areas. On the contrary, diamond-like carbon (DLC) possesses many unique properties such as the high hardness, low friction coefficient, high transparency, good gas barrier, excellent biocompatibility, and low synthesis temperature, which makes it an ideal coating material for modifying the surfaces of PET for applications as food and beverage containers and biomedical implants. Nevertheless, the adhesion of DLC on PET is poor due to the high stress induced by ion bombardment during DLC deposition and the large mechanical property mismatch between the coating and the substrate. Therefore, it is very important to develop techniques to lower the stress of DLC and to enhance the adhesion strength of DLC to PET.In the present thesis work, low energy end-hall (EH) ion source and element (N and Si) doping were used to deposit DLC to lower its internal stress and ion beam treatment was performed to modify the surface of PET to enhance the adhesion between DLC and PET. In addition, two different hydrocarbon gases (CH 4 and C 2 H 2 ) were used as precursors for DLC deposition in order to understand the effect of precursor gas. The structure and properties of the treated PET and deposited DLC films were characterized by various advanced techniques: The adhesion of DLC to PET was assessed using scratch testing; the composition and bonding states of DLC and treated PET were analyzed by Raman spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and near edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS); the hardness and Young's modulus were measured by nano-indentation; the tribological properties of the coated materials were evaluated by pin-on-disk sliding testing; and the surface tomography and surface roughness were investigated by atomic force microscopy and N forms sp 3 C-N and sp 2 C=N bonds in the films. Consequently, the hardness values decrease from 11.5 GPa for pure DLC to 7.0 GPa for N-DLC samples whereas the hardness of Si-DLC increases with increasing the silicon content. In addition, N doping can reduce residual stress of DLC and thus increases adhesion of DLC. The DLC films deposited using methane show better properties than using acetylene. By optimizing the conditions, dense, smooth, and adhesive DLC films have been deposited onto PET using EH ion source by combining N doping and O ion treatment with methane as precursor gas.iv AKNOWLEDGEMENTS

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“…Yu et al [30] used cathode deposition mode instead to prepare Ru-doped amorphous carbon films, containing the evenly distributed nano-Ruthenium particles with a diameter range of 2 -4 nm. Ma et al [31] claimed that doping Ni can improve adhesive strength and wear resistance. Experiments indicate that it is also easy to realize co-doping of metals (for example, Cu and Ag [32]) in electrochemical deposition.…”

Section: Open Access Ojstamentioning

confidence: 99%

Doped Amorphous Carbon Films Prepared by Liquid Phase Electrodeposition

Che¹,

Li²,

Zhang³

et al. 2014

OJSTA

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It has theoretical significance and practical value to synthetize and modify amorphous carbon films by liquid electro-deposition technique due to its low cost, simple equipment, and better operability in uniform deposition of the films with large-area and complex shape work pieces. This article introduces the research situation of the carbon films prepared by liquid phase electrochemical deposition according to the applied voltage, discusses the influence of experimental parameters on the film properties, and describes possible reaction mechanisms. It summarizes the research progress of amorphous carbon films doped with metal and nonmetals. Finally, existing problems have been demonstrated and suggestions on research hotspots in the future are given.

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Synthesis and characterization of nickel-doped diamond-like carbon film electrodeposited at a low voltage

Cited by 26 publications

References 25 publications

Probing the Stress Reduction Mechanism of Diamond-Like Carbon Films by Incorporating Ti, Cr, or W Carbide-Forming Metals: Ab Initio Molecular Dynamics Simulation

Probing the Stress Reduction Mechanism of Diamond-Like Carbon Films by Incorporating Ti, Cr, or W Carbide-Forming Metals: Ab Initio Molecular Dynamics Simulation

Fabrication and characterization of adherent diamond-like carbon based thin films on polyethylene terephthalate by end hall ion beam deposition

Doped Amorphous Carbon Films Prepared by Liquid Phase Electrodeposition

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