Synthesis and performance of carbon-coated Li3V2(PO4)3 cathode materials by a low temperature solid-state reaction

“…[3][4][5][6] However these materials typically suffer from inherently low electronic conductivity. 2 Several strategies such as carbon coating, doping and conductive polymer coating have been developed to improve the electrochemical performance of polyanion-based materials for battery applications.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

High Performance TiP₂O₇Based Intercalation Negative Electrode for Aqueous Lithium-Ion Batteries via a Facile Synthetic Route

Wu¹,

Shanbhag²,

Wise³

et al. 2015

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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A composite TiP 2 O 7 /amorphous carbon material (C-TiP 2 O 7 ) was prepared by an intensive mechanical mixing/solid-state synthesis method at 800 • C. Physical properties were characterized via powder X-ray diffraction, Rietveld refinement, SEM, BET and TGA. Electrochemical performance was evaluated in both a three electrode test setup and two electrode coin cells via cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and galvanostatic cycling tests. The C-TiP 2 O 7 composite demonstrated excellent cycling performance in 1 M Li 2 SO 4 when matched with LiMn 2 O 4 as a positive electrode: when cycled at C/2 for 150 cycles, the capacity retention is over 91% with coulombic efficiencies exceeding 99%. The initial discharge capacity obtained at a C/10 rate is 91 mAh/g which is about 75% of theoretical capacity 121 mAh/g. The apparent diffusion coefficient of C-TiP 2 O 7 composite calculated from cyclic voltammetry result is 3. 3-6 However these materials typically suffer from inherently low electronic conductivity.2 Several strategies such as carbon coating, doping and conductive polymer coating have been developed to improve the electrochemical performance of polyanion-based materials for battery applications. 7-19A less explored phase, TiP 2 O 7 , is not a promising cathode candidate for lithium-ion battery due to its low redox potential of 2.6 V versus Li/Li + . 20,21 However, this redox potential makes TiP 2 O 7 an ideal anode material candidate for aqueous lithium-ion batteries, 22,23 which have been recently explored by several research groups. 21,22 TiP 2 O 7 has a 3D framework structure with a corner sharing a TiO 6 octahedra and a PO 4 tetrahedra, and a phase change reaction between TiP 2 O 7 and LiTiP 2 O 7 . [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27] Such an open frame structure enables rapid Li + insertion and extraction and good thermal stability. However, the low electronic conductivity remains a major hurdle for its practical applications.23,26 A carbon coating on TiP 2 O 7 can serve two purposes: (1) it improves the kinetics of electron transfer, and (2) [22,28]. However, they found that their cells had limited cycling performance due to the dissolution of TiP 2 O 7 over time.Combining high energy mechanical alloying with intimate carbon coating has proven effective in improving electrochemical performance of polyanion-based materials. 19,[29][30][31][32] Ball milling with intimate carbon helps to prepare a homogenous mixture of precursors and reduce particle size during following thermal treatment. In addition, this combination can decrease the thermal treatment time needed. In this study, we demonstrated C-TiP 2 O 7 composite prepared by high energy mechanical alloying combined with intimate carbon coating has superior cycling performance in aqueous lithium-ion electrolyte. * Electrochemical Society Active Member.z E-mail: whitacre@andrew.cmu.edu ExperimentalSynthesis of electrode materials.-The kinetically assisted synthesis process includes following steps: (1) the precursors for synthesizing C-Ti...

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“…Recent results have demonstrated that carbon coating is primarily dependent on the carbon source. Therefore, various carbon sources have been employed for carbon-coated LVP, such as glucose [12,40,85,[107][108][109], sucrose [110][111][112], maltose [113], citric acid [47,[114][115][116], starch [117], carbon black [118], EDTA [119], PS spheres [71,120], β-cyclodextrin [121], carboxy methyl cellulose (CMC) [122], PEG-400 [123], and PEG-10,000 [124], etc.…”

Section: Carbon Coatingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Wang et al [109] and Zhang et al [114] used oxalic acid and glucose as simultaneous carbon sources to prepare Li 3 V 2 (PO 4 ) 3 /C, which showed good electrochemical properties. Wang et al prepared Li 3 V 2 (PO 4 ) 3 /C by using acetylene carbon black and citric acid as a double source, at 95 mAh g −1 current density, there is 130 mAh g −1 discharge capacity [115,128].…”

Section: Carbon Coatingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lithium vanadium phosphate as cathode material for lithium ion batteries

Wang

Liu

et al. 2015

Ionics

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Lithium vanadium phosphate (Li 3 V 2 (PO 4 ) 3 ) has been extensively studied because of its application as a cathode material in rechargeable lithium ion batteries due to its attractive electrochemical properties, including high specific energy, high working voltage, good cycle stability, and low price. In this review, the preparation of technology, structure, Li + insertion/extraction mechanism, and electrochemical properties of Li 3 V 2 (PO 4 ) 3 are introduced, and with particular focus on the relationship of these topics each other. The synthetic techniques of Li 3 V 2 (PO 4 ) 3 , such as high-temperature solid-state method, sol-gel method, hydrothermal method, etc. And progress of techniques in modification, such as coating and elemental doping, is reviewed. Finally, the directions for further development and prospective applications for the material are proposed.

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Synthesis and performance of carbon-coated Li3V2(PO4)3 cathode materials by a low temperature solid-state reaction

Cited by 93 publications

References 33 publications

Effect of MgO nanolayer coated on Li3V2(PO4)3/C cathode material for lithium-ion battery

Effect of MgO nanolayer coated on Li3V2(PO4)3/C cathode material for lithium-ion battery

High Performance TiP₂O₇Based Intercalation Negative Electrode for Aqueous Lithium-Ion Batteries via a Facile Synthetic Route

Lithium vanadium phosphate as cathode material for lithium ion batteries

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Synthesis and performance of carbon-coated Li3V2(PO4)3 cathode materials by a low temperature solid-state reaction

Cited by 93 publications

References 33 publications

Effect of MgO nanolayer coated on Li3V2(PO4)3/C cathode material for lithium-ion battery

Effect of MgO nanolayer coated on Li3V2(PO4)3/C cathode material for lithium-ion battery

High Performance TiP2O7Based Intercalation Negative Electrode for Aqueous Lithium-Ion Batteries via a Facile Synthetic Route

Lithium vanadium phosphate as cathode material for lithium ion batteries

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High Performance TiP₂O₇Based Intercalation Negative Electrode for Aqueous Lithium-Ion Batteries via a Facile Synthetic Route