“…ZnO NPs fight against bacteria [142,145,146], viruses [147], and fungi [148]. The anti-microbial activity of ZnO NPs (Table 1) depends on synthesis techniques, physico-chemical characteristics, evaluation tools, and techniques used to generate three-dimensional structures [149,150]. In vitro, ZnO has anti-bacterial properties that increase when ZnO is in NP form due to the increasing of surface-area-to-volume ratio [151,152].…”
Many investigations have pointed out widespread use of medical nanosystems in various domains of dentistry such as prevention, prognosis, care, tissue regeneration, and restoration. The progress of oral medicine nanosystems for individual prophylaxis is significant for ensuring bacterial symbiosis and high-quality oral health. Nanomaterials in oral cosmetics are used in toothpaste and other mouthwash to improve oral healthcare performance. These processes cover nanoparticles and nanoparticle-based materials, especially domains of application related to biofilm management in cariology and periodontology. Likewise, nanoparticles have been integrated in diverse cosmetic produces for the care of enamel remineralization and dental hypersensitivity. This review summarizes the indications and applications of several widely employed nanoparticles in oral cosmetics, and describes the potential clinical implementation of nanoparticles as anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory, and remineralizing agents in the prevention of dental caries, hypersensitivity, and periodontitis.
“…ZnO NPs fight against bacteria [142,145,146], viruses [147], and fungi [148]. The anti-microbial activity of ZnO NPs (Table 1) depends on synthesis techniques, physico-chemical characteristics, evaluation tools, and techniques used to generate three-dimensional structures [149,150]. In vitro, ZnO has anti-bacterial properties that increase when ZnO is in NP form due to the increasing of surface-area-to-volume ratio [151,152].…”
Many investigations have pointed out widespread use of medical nanosystems in various domains of dentistry such as prevention, prognosis, care, tissue regeneration, and restoration. The progress of oral medicine nanosystems for individual prophylaxis is significant for ensuring bacterial symbiosis and high-quality oral health. Nanomaterials in oral cosmetics are used in toothpaste and other mouthwash to improve oral healthcare performance. These processes cover nanoparticles and nanoparticle-based materials, especially domains of application related to biofilm management in cariology and periodontology. Likewise, nanoparticles have been integrated in diverse cosmetic produces for the care of enamel remineralization and dental hypersensitivity. This review summarizes the indications and applications of several widely employed nanoparticles in oral cosmetics, and describes the potential clinical implementation of nanoparticles as anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory, and remineralizing agents in the prevention of dental caries, hypersensitivity, and periodontitis.
“…9 , ZnONSs can interact electrostatically with the bacterial cell wall and destroy the bacterial cell [ 53 ]. Cationic charged zinc ions with accumulate in the bacteria membrane cell and form reactive oxygen species [ 53 , 99 , 100 ]. Fig.…”
Section: Macromolecules Used In the Synthesis Of Zinc Nssmentioning
Zinc nanostructures (ZnONSs) have attracted much attention due to their morphological, physicochemical, and electrical properties, which were entailed for various biomedical applications such as cancer and diabetes treatment, anti-inflammatory activity, drug delivery. ZnONS play an important role in inducing cellular apoptosis, triggering excess reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and releasing zinc ions due to their inherent nature and specific shape. Therefore, several new synthetic organometallic method has been developed to prepare ZnO crystalline nanostructures with controlled size and shape. Zinc oxide nanostructures’ crystal size and shape can be controlled by simply changing the physical synthesis condition such as microwave irradiation time, reaction temperature, and TEA concentration at reflux. Physicochemical properties which are determined by the shape and size of ZnO nanostructures, directly affect their biological applications. These nanostructures can decompose the cell membrane and accumulate in the cytoplasm, which leads to apoptosis or cell death. In this study, we reviewed the various synthesis methods which affect the nano shapes of zinc particles, and physicochemical properties of zinc nanostructures that determined the shape of zinc nanomaterials. Also, we mentioned some macromolecules that controlled their physicochemical properties in a green and biological approaches. In addition, we present the recent progress of ZnONSs in the biomedical fields, which will help centralize biomedical fields and assist their future research development.
“…One way is precipitation in microemulsions. It is a simple, harmless method in which structures of uniform particle size can be obtained of uniform particle size [14]. Sol-gel technology is a widespread method for obtaining metal oxides.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Apart from chemical methods, zinc oxide may be obtained physically, e.g. during spray pyrolysis or biologically from plant extracts [14], [17]. Zinc oxide in small amounts is safe for humans.…”
The work presents the method for preparation of zinc oxide nanoparticles with galactose coating. Bare zinc oxide nanoparticles are well-known and popular drug delivers. However, the fact that zinc ions may be released from their structure easily, they may pose a threat to the living organism. Thus the modification of such a product has been performed. The physicochemical properties of the products have been analysed. XRD technique revealed crystallographic structure of the products. Based on ATR-FTIR analysis it was confirmed that galactose has been successfully attached to the zinc oxide nanoparticles. TEM-EDS microscopy was applied in order to assess the shape of nanoparticles and also for the confirmation of galactose on the particles surface. The releasing of zinc ions from the modified products was compared to their releasing from basic, non-modified sample. Also, cytotoxicity and proliferation of obtained products have been analysed with using Chinese hamster ovary cells. It was found out that the proposed technology may lead to obtain stable forms of modified zinc oxide nanoparticles with limited toxicity.
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