“…Besides this, a small shoulder band is observed at 956 cm −1 which is close to the V-O 1 stretching. Such a shoulder band is not attributed to orthorhombic V 2 O 5 but has been observed for oxygen deficient CuV 2 O 6−ı [19], and lithiated Li x V 2 O 5 and Li x CuV 2 O 6 [20,21]. According to these reports, this shoulder band can be assigned to V 4+ -O 1 stretching.…”