Synthesis, cytotoxicity and apoptosis of cyclotriphosphazene compounds as anti-cancer agents

Investigation of nucleophilic substitution pathway for the reactions of 1,4-benzodioxan-6-amine with chlorocyclophosphazenes

“…Aminocyclophosphazenes use a variety of applications in science and technology including anti-cancer reagents [1][2][3][4], tumor growth inhibitors [5,6], biologically and biomedically active molecules [7], flame retardants [8], antimicrobial reagents [9], multisite coordination ligands [10][11][12][13] and supramolecular chemistry [14]. Although the reactions of hexachlorocyclotriphosphazatriene (N 3 P 3 Cl 6 , trimer) with primary aliphatic [15,16] and aromatic [8b, [17][18][19] amines have been studied in great detail [20][21][22][23], there are limited studies about the reactions of octachlorocyclotetraphosphazatetraene (N 4 P 4 Cl 8 , tetramer), with a number of especially primary aromatic amines in the literature [13b, 22,[24][25][26][27].…”

Phosphorus–nitrogen compounds: part 30. Syntheses and structural investigations, antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities and DNA interactions of vanillinato-substituted NN or NO spirocyclic monoferrocenyl cyclotriphosphazenes

“…The aziridine-, spermine-and spermidine-substituted cyclotriphosphazenes were found to be very effective in different tumor cells [18][19][20]. For example, it was found that spermine-bonded cyclotriphosphazenes disclosed cytotoxic activity against HT-29 (human colon adenocarcinoma), Hep2 (human epidermoid larynx carcinoma) and Vero (African green monkey kidney) cells and stimulated apoptosis [20]. Furthermore, some 1,4-dioxa-8-azaspiro [4,5] decane(DASD)-substituted ferrocenylphosphazenes were found to be effective against HeLa cancer cell lines [21].…”

Phosphorus–nitrogen compounds: Part 31. Syntheses, structural and stereogenic properties, in vitro cytotoxic and antimicrobial activities, and DNA interactions of bicyclotetraphosphazenes containing bulky side group

“…(Human epidermoid carcinoma of the larynx), and Vero (African green monkey kidney) cells and stimulated apoptosis [17]. In addition, the antimicrobial activity of cyclotri-and tetraphosphazene derivatives was investigated against various bacteria and fungi [18,9].…”