Synthesis of 2,4,6-Triarylpyridines Using ZrOCl2 under Solvent-Free Condi­tions

Abstract

An efficient procedure for the synthesis of 2,4,6-triarylpyridines (Kröhnke pyridines) by the one-pot multicomponent condensation of aldehydes (1 equiv) with acetophenones (2 equiv) and ammonium acetate (1.2 equiv) in the presence of catalytic amounts of oxozirconium(IV) chloride (ZrOCl 2 ) under solvent-free conditions is described. In this work, four products have been reported for the first time. Easy work-up, simple methodology, clean reaction and reusability of the catalyst are some advantages of this work.

Design, characterization, and use of N,N-diethyl-N-sulfoethanaminium hydrogen sulfate {[Et3N-SO3H]HSO4} as a novel and highly efficient catalyst for preparation of α,α′-bis(arylidene)cycloalkanones

“…Among several aspects of green chemistry, removal of volatile organic solvents from the reaction medium (i.e., use of solvent-free conditions) is of utmost importance. Furthermore, in many cases, solvent-free technique offers considerable synthetic advantages in terms of yield, selectivity, and simplicity of reaction procedure [16][17][18][19][20][21].…”

Cationic organotin cluster [t‐Bu2Sn(OH)(H2O)]22+2OTf−‐catalyzed one‐pot three‐component syntheses of 5‐substituted 1H‐tetrazoles and 2,4,6‐triarylpyridines in water

“…Hongshe Wang https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7307-7549 1 PEG 1000 -DAIL (10 mol%), 110°C, 50-75 min 85-95 [24] 2 PFPAT (25 mol%), 120°C, 2-3 h 84-94 [26] 3 MIL-101-SO 3 H (30 mg mmol −1 ), 110°C, 2-5 h 80-90 [27] 4 DPAT (2 mol%), 120°C, 4-7 h 51-96 [28] 5 ZrOCl 2 (15 mol%), 100°C, 170-240 min 85-93 [29] 6…”

Design, characterization and application of silica-bonded imidazolium-sulfonic acid chloride as a novel, active and efficient nanostructured catalyst in the synthesis of hexahydroquinolines

“…Additionally, MCRs offer some advantages such as simplicity and synthetic efficiency over conventional chemical reactions [1][2][3][4][5].…”