Synthesis of a hypercrosslinked, ionic, mesoporous polymer monolith and its application in deep oxidative desulfurization

Abstract

In this study, we used a facile and scalable strategy to produce a hypercrosslinked, ionic, mesoporous polymer monolith (HCIMPM). On the basis of structure-directing polymeric crosslinking, the interconnected nanonetwork was formed through the in situ crosslinking of the homopolymer poly(vinyl imidazole) via a quaternization reaction, and its textural properties could be effectively adjusted by the block copolymer poly(ethylene oxide)-block-poly(propylene oxide)-block-poly(ethylene oxide)(PEO 20 PPO 70 PEO 20 ). The maximum specific surface area and pore volume were 212 m 2 /g and 1.08 cm 3 /g, respectively. Furthermore, the synthetic framework could be functionalized via the loading of PW 12 O 32 40 through ion exchange. The obtained HCIMPM with PW 12 O 40 32 (PW-HCIMPM) was applied in the oxidative desulfurization, and approximately 100% sulfur removal could be achieved in the model oil with hydrogen peroxide (30 wt %) as an oxidant. Moreover, the solid catalyst could be recovered readily and recycled at least six times without a significant decrease in the desulfurization efficiency. As for real diesel, we also observed that almost all of the original sulfur compounds could be converted in 120 min.

Confining Polyoxometalate Clusters into Porous Aromatic Framework Materials for Catalytic Desulfurization of Dibenzothiophene

“…(a) Comparison of DBT desulfurization capacity (TOF) of POM–PAF-1 with other reported materials (refs , , , − ). (b) Plot of TOF vs S BET of multiple catalytic materials.…”

The production of clean diesel fuel by facile sun light photocatalytic desulfurization process using Cd-based diacetate as a novel liquid photocatalyst

“…The addition of hydrogen peroxide is a widespread process for improving the performance of diesel desulfurization. Indeed, H 2 O 2 is readily available (standard commercial product), ''infinitively'' solubility in water, with high rate effectiveness for ( o OH) free radical production and well-known reactivity for ''attacking'' most organic substances (Amjed et al, 2017;Jiang et al, 2018;Keynejad et al, 2017;Wang et al, 2018;Zhang, L. et al, 2017a;Zhao et al, 2018). Fig.…”

“…EDS was carried out using organic solvents as extracting agents such as DMSO and DMF (Zhao et al, 2015); however, their volatility and flammability represent critical drawbacks that were overcome using ionic liquids (Abro et al, 2014;Dharaskar et al, 2013;Gao et al, 2015;Ren et al, 2018). Oxidative desulfurization has also retained great attention using a wide range of metal-based compounds like phosphotungstate (Zeng et al, 2019), cerium and molybdenum (Miao et al, 2016) immobilized on different porous supports such as polymer (Jiang et al, 2018), mineral phase (Jatav and Srivastava, 2019;Juliao et al, 2019), chemically-modified silica (Hu et al, 2018), graphene oxide (Dizaji et al, 2019) or in a liquid phase like ionic liquid/metal ion systems (Zhang, L. et al, 2017b). In the oxidative desulfurization process, the organic sulfur compounds are oxidized to their corresponding sulfones, which can be easily removed by a subsequent step such as extraction (Hassan et al, 2013), adsorption or decomposition methods (Ko et al, 2007;Landau et al, 2008).…”

Catalysts Based on Porous Polyaromatic Frameworks for Deep Oxidative Desulfurization of Model Fuel in Biphasic Conditions

“…Mesoporous and hierarchically porous materials satisfy these requirements. Thus, catalytic systems, based on MCM-41, − SBA-15, − titan oxide, − zeolites, − MOF, − and several inorganic ,, and carbon-based materials ,− were investigated.…”