Synthesis of a novel environmental friendly plasticizer based on tung oil fatty acid for poly (vinyl chloride) blends

Tong, Hanqing; Jiang, Hai

doi:10.2478/pjct-2018-0028

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…In Figure 4(a), A strong absorption peak of TPE at 1454 cm À1 , implying the existence of aromatic ring with the stretching skeleton. The characteristic peak at a wavenumber of 712 cm À1 was associated with stretching vibration of the styrene group, which indicated the existence of styrene in TPE as a hard segment, and the characteristic peak at 840 cm À1 stands for the stretching vibration of -CH=CH-, indicating the polybutadiene groups in TPE as a soft segment (Tong and Hai, 2018). Based on this structure, the TPE possesses high resilience.…”

Section: Chemical Structurementioning

confidence: 84%

A capacitive sensor using resin thermoplastic elastomer and carbon fibers for monitoring pressure distribution

et al. 2020

PRT

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Purpose This paper aims to study the working principle of the capacitive pressure sensor and explore the distribution of pressure acting on the surface of the capacitor. Herein, a kind of high sensitivity capacitive pressure sensor was prepared by overlaying carbon fibers (CFs) on the surfaces of the thermoplastic elastomer (TPE), the TPE with high elasticity is a dielectric elastomer for the sensor and the CFs with excellent electrical conductivity were designed as the conductor. Design/methodology/approach Due to the excellent mechanical properties and electrical conductivity of CFs, it was designed as the conductor layer for the TPE/CFs capacitive pressure sensor via laminating CFs on the surfaces of the columnar TPE. Then, a ‘#' type structure of the capacitive pressure sensor was designed and fabricated. Findings The ‘#' type of capacitive pressure sensor of TPE/CFs composite was obtained in high sensitivity with a gauge factor of 2.77. Furthermore, the change of gauge factor values of the sensor under 10 per cent of applied strains was repeated for 1,000 cycles, indicating its outstanding sensing stability. Moreover, the ‘#' type capacitive pressure sensor of TPE/CFs was consisted of several capacitor arrays via laminating CFs, which could detect the distribution of pressure. Research limitations/implications The TPE/CFs capacitive pressure sensor was easily fabricated with high sensitivity and quick responsiveness, which is desirably applied in wearable electronics, robots, medical devices, etc. Originality/value The outcome of this study will help to fabricate capacitive pressure sensors with high sensitivity and outstanding sensing stability.

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Section: Chemical Structurementioning

confidence: 84%

A capacitive sensor using resin thermoplastic elastomer and carbon fibers for monitoring pressure distribution

et al. 2020

PRT

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“…The solvent resistance of PVC materials was investigated according to the American Society for Testing Materials (ASTM D5227) and relevant papers [21,22]. PVC films were weighed and then immersed in distilled water, 10% (v/v) ethanol solution, 30 % (w/v) acetic acid solution and petroleum ether, respectively.…”

Section: Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of Biomass-Based Ester End-Capped Hyperbranched Poly(ether)s via Facile One-Pot Reaction and Their Performance as Non-Toxic Plasticizers

Shu

Jia

2020

Polymers

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The aim of this study was to develop a facile one-pot reaction for the synthesis of biomass-based hyperbranched poly(ether)s end-capped as acetate esters (BHE) for use as a sustainable, safe and feasible plasticizer for flexible poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) materials. BHE is completely miscible with PVC but shows weaker plasticizing effect than dioctyl phthalate (DOP) (E∆Tg value of BHE reaches 64.8%). PVC plasticized with BHE displays greater thermal stability than that of PVC or PVC plasticized with DOP materials. BHE improves the thermal stability and flexibility of PVC materials. As a plasticizer, BHE displays lower solvent extractability and greater volatilization resistance than DOP. Acute oral toxicity indicates that BHE has toxic doses of 5 g/kg, suggesting that BHE is non-toxic.Polymers 2020, 12, 913 2 of 11 exceed 69 mg/kg, which is lower than the amount of DOP that migrates from plasticized polymer products. DOP can migrate from products via volatilization and enter the human body through human respiration [5]. It is estimated that 500,000 pounds of phthalates was released to the environment from US manufacturing facilities in 1997 [6].In order to overcome the toxicity and poor migration resistance of phthalates, a series of alternative plasticizers were prepared. The strategies to prevent plasticizer migration from PVC products mainly include internal plasticized method such as covalently attaching plasticizer onto the PVC matrix [7]; making surface modifications such as gamma irradiation, ultraviolet irradiation and plasma treatment [8]; and adding nanoparticles or ionic liquid [9,10]. These alternative plasticizers include CO 2 -based polycarbonate [11], cardanol-based epoxidized plasticizers [1], epoxidized vegetable oil [12], glycerol/adipic acid hyperbranched poly(ester)s [13], and so on. Glycerol/adipic acid hyperbranched poly(ester)s are thermally stable, are fully compatible with a PVC matrix, provide effective plasticization at acceptable levels, display low migratory potential and do not accelerate degradative dehydrochlorination [13]. However, there are very few reports on the acute oral toxicity of the plasticizers for PVC.Developing bio-based products is highly important because of their low cost, reproducibility and biodegradability [14][15][16]. In this study, we synthesized biomass-based hyperbranched poly(ether)s end-capped as acetate esters (BHE) via a facile one-pot reaction using triethyl citrate as raw material. The obtained BHE, with a larger relative molecular mass and a higher branching degree, is a potential plasticizer that could overcome the shortcoming of the poor migration resistance of lower relative molecular mass plasticizers, such as triethyl citrate and phthalate plasticizers. The plasticization and migration resistance of PVC materials plasticized with BHE were investigated and compared with those of DOP. The plasticizing mechanism was explored with regards to the shift of infrared absorption peaks of ester groups and the generation of hydrogen bonds via fourier transf...

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“…53,54 In addition, the use of renewable resources-based plasticizers in the PVC matrix prevents their leaching, minimizes deterioration, and offers an eco-friendly product for the environment. 55,56 Figure 2 exhibits the application of plasticizers in various fields.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several researchers have described the production and application of biobased plasticizers from renewable resources, for example, plant oils, − lactic acid, glycerol esters, succinate esters, isosorbide, fatty acids, castor oil derivative, , and citrate esters. , In addition, the use of renewable resources-based plasticizers in the PVC matrix prevents their leaching, minimizes deterioration, and offers an eco-friendly product for the environment. , Figure exhibits the application of plasticizers in various fields.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Developments of Biobased Plasticizers and Their Effect on Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Poly(vinyl chloride): A Review

Kumar

2019

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

114

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Plasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) has been extensively utilized globally, with various applications in construction, piping, wiring and cable, installation, flooring, nonfood packing, windows, doors, and more. Phthalates have been the most commonly employed plasticizers for PVC, but some of these plasticizers demonstrate many toxic effects on the environment and human beings, which consequently limits the use of phthalate plasticizers. Growing awareness of the effects of plasticizers on the environment and the depletion of petroleum-based resources has made the development of an alternative biobased plasticizer for PVC formulation necessary. Recently, there has been an increased consciousness of the use of natural resource-based plasticizers instead of phthalates in PVC production, because they are eco-friendly in nature. This review paper covers the utilization of traditional and biobased plasticizers for PVC plasticization, and their effect on environmental, mechanical, and thermal properties has been reported.

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Synthesis of a novel environmental friendly plasticizer based on tung oil fatty acid for poly (vinyl chloride) blends

Cited by 7 publications

References 35 publications

A capacitive sensor using resin thermoplastic elastomer and carbon fibers for monitoring pressure distribution

A capacitive sensor using resin thermoplastic elastomer and carbon fibers for monitoring pressure distribution

Preparation of Biomass-Based Ester End-Capped Hyperbranched Poly(ether)s via Facile One-Pot Reaction and Their Performance as Non-Toxic Plasticizers

Recent Developments of Biobased Plasticizers and Their Effect on Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Poly(vinyl chloride): A Review

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