Synthesis of poly[(4,4′-(dihexyl)dithieno(3,2-b;2′,3′-d)silole)] and copolymerization with 3-hexylthiophene: new semiconducting materials with extended optical absorption

Properties and applications of polysilanes

“…Like conventional polysilanes, poly(1,1‐silole)s also exhibit semiconducting properties as demonstrated by Boon et al . who co‐polymerized poly(1,1‐silole)s with poly(3‐hexylthiophene) …”

The Influence of Substituents in the 3‐Position on the Polymerization of Metaphenylenes

“…Even though the mechanism was discovered and developed for P3AT, it was rapidly applied to several other conjugated polymers. Presently several conjugated polymers can be synthesized by KCTCP, such as poly( p ‐phenylene), poly(3‐alkylselenophene), poly( N ‐alkylpyrrole), poly(4‐alkylthiazole), poly(dithienosilole), poly(cyclopentadithiophene), poly(bithienylmethylene), and poly(fluorenes) . In 2008, Ohshimizu et al showed that the polymerization of poly(2,4‐dialkoxy‐ m ‐phenylene) using KCTCP is living.…”

“…It was also found that an alkoxy‐sidechain in the ortho ‐position hampers oxidative insertion due to its strong electron‐donating effect . Also, poly(fluorene)s, poly(cyclopentadithiophene)s, and poly(dithienosilole)s can all be polymerized in a living fashion, proving ortho ‐substituents are not necessary …”

Synthesis of Highly Fluorescent All-Conjugated Alternating Donor–Acceptor (Block) Copolymers via GRIM Polymerization

“…Such materials can give rise to interesting morphological structures and enhanced light absorption, beneficial for their use in for example polymer solar cells. [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] In 2004, Yokozawa et al and McCullough et al found that the nickel-catalyzed Kumada polymerization of 2-bromo-5-chloromagnesio-3-hexylthiophene, obtained after the Grignard metathesis (GRIM) reaction of 2-bromo-3-hexyl-5-iodothiophene with an alkylmagnesium chloride reagent, followed such a controlled chain-growth mechanism. 19,20 This chain-growth mechanism results from the fact that the Ni(0) species eliminated after the reductive elimination remains associated to the growing polymer chain, whereafter it is transferred to the next C-Br bond in the same polymer chain to undergo a new oxidative addition step.…”