Systematics and Population Level Analysis of Anopheles darlingi

Je, Conn

doi:10.1590/s0074-02761998000500015

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The COI region sequences exhibited sufficient nucleotide diversity to be able to determine the occurrence of one haplotype per broodstock and another for F. subtilis, with 8 divergent sites being detected among the five broodstocks and 70 between L. vannamei and F. subtilis. The substitution rate presented by the COI gene was somewhat higher, allowing the detection of genetic differences between different populations of the same species (Conn, 1998;Lee, 2000;Gusmão et al, 2000). Although the genetic distances for the five L. vannamei broodstocks were close to zero (0.2 to 1%) the values were similar to those published by Gusmão et al (2000) for some penaeid species investigated using COI gene sequencing.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Genetic distance between broodstocks of the marine shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei (Decapoda, Penaeidae) by mtDNA analyses

Francisco

Galetti

2005

Genet. Mol. Biol.

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In the constantly growing Brazilian shrimp industry the evaluation of genetic relationships between broodstocks is an useful tool for shrimp culture management programs. We established the genetic relationships between five broodstocks of the white marine shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei (Penaeidae) based on the sequencing of the mtDNA 16S rRNA and cytochrome oxidase I (COI) regions. Although no divergence was found between the broodstocks for the highly conservative 16S rRNA gene, we did find an 8.2% distance between L. vannamei and the Farfantepenaeus subtilis. Analyses of the COI region showed genetic distances of only 0.2 to 1% between the broodstocks, which contrasted with the 10.9% mean distance found between L. vannamei and F. subtilis. The small genetic distance values obtained may be related to genetic drift or a founder effect that occurred during broodstocks establishment. The mtDNA analysis was able to characterize the genetic divergence between the broodstocks studied and could be helpful for defining better management strategies of these crustacea.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Genetic distance between broodstocks of the marine shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei (Decapoda, Penaeidae) by mtDNA analyses

Francisco

Galetti

2005

Genet. Mol. Biol.

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“…Numerous studies were conducted on the population biology and genetics of An. darlingi showing the great heterogeneity between populations from different countries for both important behavioral determinants [45] and genetic markers [46,47]. The biting behaviour is varying from uni-modal to tri-modal and biting peaks were found for almost each hour between 6:00 PM and 6:00 AM [43].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Annual variations in the number of malaria cases related to two different patterns of Anopheles darlingi transmission potential in the Maroni area of French Guiana

Fouque

Gaborit

Carinci

et al. 2010

Malar J

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BackgroundWith an Annual Parasite Incidence (API) of 132.1, in the high and moderate risks zones, the Maroni area of French Guiana has the second highest malaria incidence of South-America after Guyana (API = 183.54) and far above Brazil (API = 28.25). Malaria transmission is occurring despite strong medical assistance and active vector control, based on general WHO recommendations. This situation is generated by two main factors that are the social and cultural characteristics of this border area, where several ethnic groups are living, and the lack of understanding of transmission dynamics of the main mosquito vector, Anopheles darlingi. In this context, entomological data collected in two villages belonging to two different ethnic groups of the French border of the Maroni River, were retrospectively analysed to find out how the mosquito bionomics are related to the malaria transmission patterns.MethodsData were provided by human landing catches of mosquitoes carried out each month for two years in two villages belonging to two ethnic groups, the Amerindians Wayanas and the Aloukous of African origin. The mosquitoes were sorted by species, sex, date, hour and place of collection and processed for Plasmodium sp. parasite detection. The data were compiled to provide the following variables: human biting rates (HBR), parity rates (PR), numbers of infective bites (IB), entomological inoculation rates (EIR) and numbers of infected mosquitoes surviving enough to transmit (IMT). Spatial and temporal differences of variables between locations and during the night were tested by the Kruskall-Wallis analysis of variance to find out significant variations.ResultsThe populations of the main mosquito vector An. darlingi showed significant variations in the spatial and temporal HBR/person/night and HBR/person/hour, IB/person/month and IB/person/hour, and IMT/village/night and IMT/village/hour. In the village of Loca (Aloukous), the IMT peaked from June to August with a very low transmission during the other months. The risks were higher during the first part of the night and an EIR of 10 infective bites per person and per year was estimated. In the village of Twenke (Wayanas), high level of transmission was reported all year with small peaks in March and October. The risk was higher during the second part of the night and an EIR of 5 infective bites per person and per year was estimated.ConclusionFor the first time in the past 40 years, the mosquito bionomics was related to the malaria transmission patterns in French Guiana. The peak of malaria cases reported from August to October in the Maroni region is concomitant with the significant peak of An. darlingi IMT, reported from the village of Loca where transmission is higher. However, the persistent number of cases reported all year long may also be related to the transmission in the Amerindian villages. The An. darlingi bionomics for these two close populations were found significantly different and may explain why a uniform vector control method is inadequate. Following t...

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“…However, several isozyme and DNA-based studies reported levels of genetic differentiation consistent with a monotypic species throughout the species' range [9-11]. Although mtDNA history revealed some genetic divergence between South and Central American populations [12-14], complete mtDNA genomes of A. darlingi did not provide support for speciation within the taxon [6]. Nuclear microsatellite markers revealed restricted contemporary gene flow among A. darlingi populations over broad geographical ranges (continental scale) but mainly due to isolation by distance [15-17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal genetic partitioning in the neotropical malaria vector, Anopheles darlingi

Angella

Salgueiro

Gil³

et al. 2014

Malar J

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BackgroundAnopheles darlingi is the main malaria mosquito vector in the Amazonia region. In spite of being considered a riverine, forest-dwelling species, this mosquito is becoming more abundant in peri-urban areas, increasing malaria risk. This has been associated with human-driven environmental changes such as deforestation.MethodsMicrosatellites were used to characterize A. darlingi from seven localities along the Madeira River, Rondônia (Brazil), collected in the early and late periods of the rainy season.ResultsTwo genetically distinct subpopulations were detected: one (subpopulation A) was associated with the late rainfall period and seems to be ecologically closer to the typical forest A. darlingi; the other (subpopulation B) was associated with the early rainfall period and is probably more adapted to drier conditions by exploiting permanent anthropogenic breeding sites. Results suggest also a pattern of asymmetric introgression, with more subpopulation A alleles introgressed into subpopulation B. Both subpopulations (and admixed mosquitoes) presented similar malaria infection rates, highlighting the potential for perennial malaria transmission in the region.ConclusionsThe co-occurrence of two genetically distinct subpopulations of A. darlingi adapted to different periods of rainfall may promote a more perennial transmission of malaria throughout the year. These findings, in a context of strong environmental impact due to deforestation and dam construction, have serious implications for malaria epidemiology and control in the Amazonian region.

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Systematics and Population Level Analysis of Anopheles darlingi

Abstract: A new phylogenetic analysis of the Nyssorhynchus subgenus (Danoff-Burg and Conn, unpub. data)

Cited by 11 publications

References 12 publications

Genetic distance between broodstocks of the marine shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei (Decapoda, Penaeidae) by mtDNA analyses

Genetic distance between broodstocks of the marine shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei (Decapoda, Penaeidae) by mtDNA analyses

Annual variations in the number of malaria cases related to two different patterns of Anopheles darlingi transmission potential in the Maroni area of French Guiana

Seasonal genetic partitioning in the neotropical malaria vector, Anopheles darlingi

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