Systemic Leukocyte Alterations Are Associated With Invasive Uterine Cervical Cancer

Tavares‐Murta, Beatriz Martins; Mendonça, Maria Angélica Oliveira; Duarte, Natalia; Silva, Juliana A. da; Mutão, Taciana Sousa; Garcia, Cristiana Bernadelli; Murta, Eddie Fernando Cândido

doi:10.1111/igc.0b013e3181ef8deb

Cited by 57 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…A correlation between the increase of NLR and endometrial cancer invasiveness has been demonstrated (Acmaz et al, 2014). There was an association between NLR and cervical cancer invasiveness in another study (Tavares-Murta et al, 2010). Similarly, in the current study, NLR was higher in the cervical cancer group compared to the preinvasive group.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

“…The authors have demonstrated that leukocytosis is a risk and prognostic factor in both cancers. The association between leukocytosis and the stage of cervical cancer was demonstrated in another study (Tavares-Murta et al, 2010). The authors concluded that leukocytosis is closely associated with tumor stage.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…In CC, like the other cancers, the host response to malignant tumors comprises not only changes in the microenvironment, but also systemic alterations (Tavares-Murta et al, 2010). One of the important systemic alterations is inflammation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Could the Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratio be a Novel Marker for Predicting Invasiveness of Cervical Pathologies?

Köse

Çelik²,

Köse³

et al. 2015

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention

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Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 16 (3), 923-926 IntroductionThe term preinvasive disease of the cervix (PCD) was first defined in 1947 (Pund, 1947). Despite the fact that epithelial changes give the appearance of invasive cancer on the cervix, lesions confined to the epithelium are to be noted in PCD. After PCD is defined, some studies have shown that if these lesions did not treat cervical dysplasia, it progresses to cervical cancer (Koss et al., 1963). Therefore, when the preinvasive lesions could be diagnosed before the stage of the invasive cervical cancer, this early detection allows easy treatment (Richart & Sciarra, 1968).Cervical cancer (CC) is still one of the most frequent malignancies in women worldwide (Siegel, Naishadham & Jemal, 2013). In CC, like the other cancers, the host response to malignant tumors comprises not only changes in the microenvironment, but also systemic alterations (Tavares-Murta et al., 2010). One of the important systemic alterations is inflammation. Inflammation is a nonspecific feature of cancer and plays an important role in various aspects of cancer involving cancer initiation, promotion, progression, metastasis and clinical features (Babu et al., 2012). Therefore, inflammatory markers were studied in various cancer types as indicators of invasion (Acmaz et al., 2014).The platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) is an inflammatory marker and has been studied in uterine cancer and uterine cancer precursor lesions (Acmaz et al., 2014). The aim of

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

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Could the Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratio be a Novel Marker for Predicting Invasiveness of Cervical Pathologies?

Köse

Çelik²,

Köse³

et al. 2015

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention

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“…For example, neutrophil and lymphocyte counts were elevated and reduced respectively in advanced stage uterine cervical cancer. 93 Martin 94 suggested that definitive analyses require specific methodologies to account for shifts in cellular population heterogeneity.…”

Section: Overall Summarymentioning

confidence: 99%

DNA methylation in white blood cells

et al. 2011

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“…6 Macrophage infiltration into cervical tumours has been positively correlated with tumour vascularity 18 and women with advanced-stage invasive cancer have higher blood neutrophil counts than those with early-stage disease. 19 Although the precise mechanism for immune cell recruitment into the cervix in humans has not been elucidated, prostaglandins biosynthesised by COX enzymes in epithelial, stromal and vascular cells have been shown to induce the expression of a host of cytokines and chemokines. These can in turn act in an autocrine or paracrine manner in the cervix to enhance inflammation by promoting tissue remodelling and recruitment of immune cells via chemotaxis and extravasation, which in turn can promote disease progression.…”

Section: Regulation Of Vascular Function and Immune Cell Recruitment mentioning

confidence: 99%

Inflammatory pathways in cervical cancer – the UCT contribution

Sales

Katz

2012

S Afr Med J

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Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer in women worldwide and the leading gynaecological malignancy in women in Africa.1 In 2008 the International Agency for Research on Cancer estimated that 493 243 women are newly diagnosed with cervical cancer annually. Of these, more than 273 000 die each year.1,2 It is estimated that around 80 000 women, of whom 60 000 die each year, live in Africa. Because there are inadequate cancer registries in many African countries, it is likely that these figures are a gross under-representation.Infection of the cervix with high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) is regarded as the main causal factor in cervical cancer. 3There are more than 150 genotypes of HPV with around 40 known to infect the anogenital tract, giving rise to genital warts or neoplastic lesions.3 Recently, 2 prophylactic vaccines against the main highrisk HPV variants, 16 and 18, have been introduced by Merck & Company (Gardasil) and GlaxoSmithKline (Cervarix). These induce an immune response that blocks initial HPV infection and confers protection against cancer associated with HPV 16 and 18 and some closely related variants. These have limited benefit for women already infected with high-risk HPV and in addition are out of reach of the majority of women in Africa due to the high costs involved. Although HPV infection initiates disease, cervical cancer is a multi-step process, with other contributing factors, including multiple sexual partners, tobacco carcinogens, a weakened immune system and sexually transmitted infection by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae, thought to contribute to the aetiology.HPV initially infects basal keratinocytes and epithelial cells and uses the host's cellular machinery for replication and persistence. 4 The HPV genome consists of 3 domains, a non-coding upstream region, an early region containing open reading frames E1, E2, E4, E5, E6 and E7, and a late region encoding the major and minor capsid proteins. 4 In the vast majority of women, infections and HPV-induced lesions are transient and are naturally resolved. However, approximately 10 -20% of women fail to eliminate the virus. 4 In these cases, persistence of infection, viral integration and activation of inflammatory pathways have been linked to neoplastic transformation and malignant progression. 4,5 In this review, we highlight our findings relating to the activation of inflammatory pathways in cervical cancers and address their role in disease progression. Persistent HPV infection and inflammationBy broad definition, inflammation involves tissue remodelling events brought about by alterations to epithelial, vascular and immune cell function. These are orchestrated by specific molecular pathways involving a host of cytokines, chemokines, growth factors and lipid mediators. 6 Compelling evidence has shown that the majority of cancers arise from sites of chronic irritation, infection and inflammation, 7 solidifying the concept that chronic unabated inflammation is critic...

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Systemic Leukocyte Alterations Are Associated With Invasive Uterine Cervical Cancer

Abstract: Patients with advanced cervical cancer had significantly higher frequency of leukocyte alterations, although they may occur apart from the preinvasive stages. Overall, neutrophilia was the best indicator of cancer invasiveness.

Cited by 57 publications

References 30 publications

Could the Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratio be a Novel Marker for Predicting Invasiveness of Cervical Pathologies?

Could the Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratio be a Novel Marker for Predicting Invasiveness of Cervical Pathologies?

DNA methylation in white blood cells

Inflammatory pathways in cervical cancer – the UCT contribution

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