Targeted gold nanoparticles enhance sensitization of prostate tumors to megavoltage radiation therapy in vivo

Abstract

We report potent radiosensitization of prostate cancers in vitro and in vivo using goserelin-conjugated gold nanorods. Progressive receptor-mediated internalization of conjugated nanorods over time increases the radiation interaction cross-section of cells and contributes to the effects observed in vitro. The low concentrations of gold required, the long interval between injection of nanoparticles and radiation, and the use of megavoltage radiation to generate radiosensitization in vivo foretell the possibility of eventual clinical translation of this approach.

A Review Article on Muscular Dystrophy and Its Management Through Ayurveda

“…Cho et al studied the toxicity of 13 nm PEGcoated gold nanoparticles in mice and found that after injection the nanoparticles accumulated in the liver, and induced acute inflammation and cellular damage. [17,50,51] Recent inventions claim to develop novel AuNPs and methods not only for diagnostic or therapeutic applications but also for producing targeted modified gold nanoparticles with theranostic properties as explained in Table No [52] LHRH receptor Gold nanorods Goserelin Prostate cancer Radiotherapy [53] Transferrin receptors PEGylated gold nanoparticles AuNPs Mouse neuroblastoma Chemotherapy [54] www.wjpr.net [69,70] US 2017/9549998 B2…”

Prostate Cancer Imaging and Therapy: Potential Role of Nanoparticles

“…Preliminary in vitro studies have also demonstrated that gold nanoparticles can enhance radiation sensitivity and growth inhibition in radiationresistant human prostate cancer cells (75). A study using goserelinconjugated gold nanorods in vitro and in vivo demonstrated potent radiosensitization of prostate cancers (76).…”

Enhanced Radiation Therapy of Gold Nanoparticles in Liver Cancer

“…Owing to their unique optical and electric properties, gold nanoparticles (GNPs) have been wildly used in diverse research areas in recent years [7][8][9][10]. Their advantages in size-dependent surface plasmon resonance (SPR), strong X-ray absorption, and easy-surface functionalization make GNPs particularly useful in biosensors, radiation therapy and photothermal therapy [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18]. GNPs have a great compatibility with biological macromolecules (e.g., amino acids, proteins, and DNA), making them suitable and stable during drug delivery and cancer cell imaging [18][19][20].…”