Tarikh e Rusul wal Muluk. By Abu Ja'far Muhammad ibn Jarir al-Tabari

Evolution of Suture Material - A Systemic Review

“…Hippocrates was born in Kos, a Greek island of the south eastern. He was the son of Herak lides and belonged to a family of physicians their ancestry of Asclepius, Hippocrates worked mainly in Kos and the nearby coast of Asia Minor (corresponding to present-day Turkey) [4]. He mentioned ivory and bone needle for stitching wound.…”

“…In 400 B.C. Galen, physician to the Roman gladiators, recommended the use of silk and hemp sutures for hemostasis [5] Galen of Pergamon 150 A.D., gained a reputation by treating and sometimes suturing the severed tendons of gladiators, presumably he was referring to linen or Celtic thread [4]. He continues, in many places under Roman rule 160 The Scottish Society of the History of Medicine can obtain silk, especially in large cities where there are many wealthy women.…”

“…According to albucasis gut material was originally used for violin strings and obtained at musical instrument shops that provided "kits", thus the term kitgut or catgut [4]. The kit being an early form of musical instrument.…”

“…The process for creating bow strings for musical instruments was called "kitgat" meaning fiddle string. A "kit" means a threestringed violin and from this word came "catgut" [1,4,5]. The intestine may also be sewn up with the fine suture which is extracted from an animal's gut and sticks to it after being threaded in a needle.…”