“…The teaching behaviour we focus on is based on the literature on HTR. With regard to how history should be taught, there are indications that the pedagogy advocated by those who wish to nurture historical thinking and reasoning centres on inquiry-based learning (Grant, 2018;Reisman, 2012;Wiley and Voss, 1996), working with sources (Reisman, 2012;Van Nieuwenhuyse et al, 2017) and investigation of different perspectives and interpretations (Chapman, 2011;Stradling, 2003). Explicit instruction (Nokes et al, 2007;Van Boxtel and Van Drie, 2018) is also prominent.…”