Technique for the Determination of Bone Volume and Specific Gravity

Ogunbameru, B. O.; Evans, J. L.; Kornegay, E. T.

doi:10.4141/cjas90-138

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 5 publications

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“…The rib and metacarpals III and IV were scanned with a Lunar PIXImus™ Bone Densitometer (Lunar Inc.), and bone mineral density (BMD) was determined using Lunar® Piximus2 1.46 software. Specific gravity was determined according to Ogunbameru et al (1990). The bending moment was determined with a Lloyd Testing Instrument (Model 1000R, 5000 N sensor) using a three-point flexure test according to Crenshaw et al (1981).…”

Section: Sample Collection and Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Responses of growing pigs to different levels of dietary phosphorus — Performance, bone characteristics, and solubility of faecal phosphorus

et al. 2010

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Section: Sample Collection and Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Responses of growing pigs to different levels of dietary phosphorus — Performance, bone characteristics, and solubility of faecal phosphorus

et al. 2010

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Tolerance to 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D3 glycosides from Solanum glaucophyllum by the growing pig

Schlegel

Guggisberg

Gutzwiller

2017

Research in Veterinary Science

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Solanum glaucophyllum leaves contain high levels of glycosidically bound 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D, the most important vitamin D metabolite. The tolerance to this source was evaluated during six weeks with fifty weaned pigs fed increasing levels (0, 2.5, 5, 10 and 20μg 1,25(OH)D/kg diet). The diet contained, per kg, 9.7g Ca, 3.5g digestible P and 2000IU cholecalciferol. Ten additional pigs were fed a diet containing 1000IU cholecalciferol/kg, without 1,25(OH)D. Weekly plasma and final kidney, bone and urinary mineral contents, bone density and breaking strength served as indicators for possible adverse effects of the supplement. All animals grew well and remained clinically healthy. The measured parameters remained unchanged when 1000 replaced 2000IU cholecalciferol/kg and when 1,25(OH)D was fed up to 10μg/kg. Twenty μg 1,25(OH)D increased plasma Ca and decreased plasma P from the 2 and the 4 experimental week onwards, respectively. Twenty μg 1,25(OH)D increased final plasma Ca and 1,25(OH)D and reduced final plasma P by respectively 19, 56 and 13%. Twenty μg 1,25(OH)D also increased kidney Ca and urinary Ca by 43 and 69%, respectively, reduced bone breaking strength by 12% and tended to decrease bone ash by 3%. To conclude, 2000IU D was not beneficial compared to 1000IU cholecalciferol; up to 10μg 1,25(OH)D per kg diet did not lead to observed adverse effects; 20μg 1,25(OH)D altered the homeostatic regulation of Ca and P thus, may lead to first signs of possible adverse effects, such as soft tissue calcification.

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Effects of diet acidity and protein level or source of calcium on the performance, gastrointestinal content measurements, bone measurements, and carcass composition of gilt and barrow weanling pigs

Kornegay¹,

Evans²,

Ravindran³

1994

Journal of Animal Science

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A total of 228 crossbred weanling pigs (average age of 25 d and BW of 6.44 kg) were used in two trials to evaluate the responses to sex, diet acidity, protein level, and source of calcium on the performance, gastrointestinal digesta measurements, bone measurements, and carcass composition. Diet acidity was manipulated by varying the sources of supplemental phosphorus in the diets. Trial 1 (5 wk) was conducted as a 2 x 3 x 2 factorial to evaluate sex (gilts and barrows), diet acidity (pH 5.9 and .90% P, pH 6.1 and .63% P, and pH 6.9 and .63% P), and level of protein (16 and 22% CP). In Trial 2 (6 wk), diet acidity (pH 5.5, 5.9, and 6.8, all with .7% P) and Ca sources (CaCO3 and CaSO4) were used with gilts and barrows. The sex x diet acidity interactions were significant for ADG in both trials. Barrows seemed to respond to both the more acidic diets and the buffered phosphate diets even though the pH was less acidic than that of the unbuffered diets. Gilts responded only to the more acidic diets. In Trial 1, gilts ate more and grew faster (P < .05) than barrows, but no sex effects on performance were observed in Trial 2. Pigs fed 22% CP diets grew faster (P < .001) and more efficiently (P < .001) than did pigs fed 16% CP diets, but protein level x diet acidity and protein level x sex interactions were not significant. Stomach digesta DM, pH, and titration value were not consistently influenced by sex and diet acidity in Trials 1 and 2, by protein level in Trial 1, and by calcium source in Trial 2. Only the sex x diet acidity interaction for stomach DM tended to be significant in both trials; gilts fed the less acidic diets had the lowest DM, whereas barrows fed the more acidic diets had the lowest DM values. Although not significant in every case in both trials, bone (average of metacarpal and metatarsal) volume was lower and specific gravity and shear stress values were higher for gilts than for barrows. Pigs fed 16% CP diets had higher specific gravity (P < .05) and stress (P < .06) values than pigs fed 22% CP diets. A protein level x diet acidity interaction (P < .03) for stress suggested that pigs fed 22% CP diets were unaffected by diet acidity, whereas pigs fed 16% CP had the highest stress values when fed the more acidic diet and the lower P level.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

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Technique for the Determination of Bone Volume and Specific Gravity

Cited by 5 publications

References 5 publications

Responses of growing pigs to different levels of dietary phosphorus — Performance, bone characteristics, and solubility of faecal phosphorus

Responses of growing pigs to different levels of dietary phosphorus — Performance, bone characteristics, and solubility of faecal phosphorus

Tolerance to 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D3 glycosides from Solanum glaucophyllum by the growing pig

Effects of diet acidity and protein level or source of calcium on the performance, gastrointestinal content measurements, bone measurements, and carcass composition of gilt and barrow weanling pigs

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