Technology for the next gravitational wave detectors

Mitrofanov, V. P.; Chao, S.; Pan, H.; Kuo, L.; Cole, Garrett D.; Degallaix, J.; Willke, B.

doi:10.1007/s11433-015-5738-8

Cited by 19 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 159 publications

(216 reference statements)

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“…To estimate the contribution of the suspension to the total loss, a similar sized cylinder fabricated from a sapphire monocrystal was suspended on the same tungsten wire. A Q ≥ 1.6 × 10 8 was measured at room temperature: this was significantly lower than values reported in the literature, which are close to 3 × 10 8 . The difference of the inverse Q ‐factors Δ Q −1 = 2.9 × 10 −9 can be considered as a rough estimate of the suspension contribution to the total loss.…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 60%

Reduction in internal friction in silica glass with high OH content

Лунин

Tokmakov

2018

J Am Ceram Soc

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The aim of this article was to investigate processes occurring during annealing of silica glass classified as being of type III (J Non Cryst Solids. 1970;5(2):123‐75). This is an inexpensive silica glass produced by many manufacturers across the globe. However, it can be successfully used for fabrication of high‐Q mechanical resonators. The relationship between residual internal stress and internal friction is elucidated. Quantitative analysis of the structural relaxation kinetics is presented. The influence of the cooling process for structural transformation is also discussed. On the basis of our results, we suggest optimal annealing conditions for minimizing internal friction type III silica glass. The results will be useful for further improvement of the Q‐factor of mechanical resonators, including the test masses of the next generation of gravitational wave detectors. Our approach might, in addition, be used for studying the modification of atomic structure in multicomponent glasses.

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Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 60%

Reduction in internal friction in silica glass with high OH content

Лунин

Tokmakov

2018

J Am Ceram Soc

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“…After σ remain,i is known for the ith pulsar (where i ranges from 1 to N psr , where N psr is the number of pulsars in the PTA), we need to obtain µ 2 i using Equation (2) to test the correlation described in Equation (8). Since the location of the GW source is unknown, we divide the celestial sphere into 100 × 100 equal-area grids.…”

Section: Testing the Methods With Simulated Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Introduction The recent direct detection of gravitational waves (GWs) [1] marks the beginning of GW astronomy era, after about five decades of effort on GW detection [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]. Among the various proposed methods, the pulsar timing array (PTA) method shows promise in identifying GWimprinted structure in the timing residuals of a number of pulsars [10,11].…”

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confidence: 99%

Detecting super-Nyquist-frequency gravitational waves using a pulsar timing array

Zhang

2016

Sci. China Phys. Mech. Astron.

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The maximum frequency of gravitational waves (GWs) detectable with traditional pulsar timing methods is set by the Nyquist frequency ( f Ny ) of the observation. Beyond this frequency, GWs leave no temporal-correlated signals; instead, they appear as white noise in the timing residuals. The variance of the GW-induced white noise is a function of the position of the pulsars relative to the GW source. By observing this unique functional form in the timing data, we propose that we can detect GWs of frequency > f Ny (super-Nyquist frequency GWs; SNFGWs). We demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed method with simulated timing data. Using a selected dataset from the Parkes Pulsar Timing Array data release 1 and the North American Nanohertz Observatory for Gravitational Waves publicly available datasets, we try to detect the signals from single SNFGW sources. The result is consistent with no GW detection with 65.5% probability. An all-sky map of the sensitivity of the selected pulsar timing array to single SNFGW sources is generated, and the position of the GW source where the selected pulsar timing array is most sensitive to is λ s = −0.82, β s = −1.03 (rad); the corresponding minimum GW strain is h = 6.31 × 10 −11 at f = 1 × 10 −5 Hz. gravitational wave, pulsar, black hole PACS number(s): 25.60. Je, 21.10.Jx, 25.40.Lw, 26.20.+f

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“…TLS are a source of noise and decoherence in superconducting circuits, such as superconducting quantum bits, photo detectors, quantum motion sensors, and SQUID multiplexers 8 . They are also a source of Brownian thermal noise of the optical thin films used to make the interferometer mirrors of gravitational wave detectors 9,10 . To understand the origin of TLS in order to eliminate them has become an urgent task.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Manipulation of Glassy State in Amorphous Selenium by Low-temperature Internal Friction Measurements

Liu

Metcalf

Abernathy³

et al. 2018

Mat. Res.

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We have studied the thickness and quench-rate dependent internal friction of amorphous selenium (a-Se) thin films deposited at room temperature. The internal friction of a-Se films exhibit a temperature independent plateau below 1 K followed by a broad maximum at 10 K. The plateau, which is seen in almost all amorphous solids, is caused by dissipation by two-level tunneling systems (TLS), whose origin is still unknown. The maximum is caused by thermal relaxation over the same energy barrier that induces TLS. The internal friction and shear modulus are almost thickness independent from 100 nm to 10 µm. Unlike other elemental amorphous materials, the sufficiently low glass transition temperature (T g ) of a-Se (only about 10 K above room temperature) allows in-situ quench-rate dependent study of TLS. The amorphous structure resets itself by a thermal equilibration cycle above T g . We show that a faster quench rate freezes a-Se to a lower density structure with a higher TLS density and vice versa. The changes are reversible supporting a relationship between different quenched states and the density of TLS. Our study shows that a-Se can be a simple monatomic amorphous system to constrain models for the origin of TLS in amorphous solids.

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Technology for the next gravitational wave detectors

Cited by 19 publications

References 159 publications

Reduction in internal friction in silica glass with high OH content

Reduction in internal friction in silica glass with high OH content

Detecting super-Nyquist-frequency gravitational waves using a pulsar timing array

Manipulation of Glassy State in Amorphous Selenium by Low-temperature Internal Friction Measurements

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