Technology Gaps: the Concept, Models, and Ways of Overcoming

Vishnevsky, V.P.; Garkushenko, Оksana; Kniaziev, S.I.

doi:10.15407/scin16.02.003

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…), changes in their basic behavioral responses (especially in the species characterized by social way of life: ants, wasps, bees, termites, bumblebees and etc. ), changes in their migration routes and habitats, which disrupts the established food chains in ecosystems and leads to a reduction in biodiversity and, in some cases, to the collapse of ecosystems [29,[12][13][18][19][20][21].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Цифрова І Зелена Економіки: Точки Дотику Й Суперечності

Vishnevsky¹,

Garkushenko²,

Zanizdra³

et al. 2021

Sci. innov.

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Вступ. Процеси цифровізації економіки, пов'язані з розгортанням технологій Четвертої промислової революції, є багатоаспектними й чинять суттєвий вплив, зокрема й на навколишнє середовище, що зачіпає інтереси майбутніх поколінь.Проблематика. Прискорення цифровізації супроводжується суперечливими позитивними і негативними ефектами для довкілля. Зважаючи на це, актуальною проблемою є визначення цих ефектів як на глобальному, так і на національному рівнях.Мета. Виявити взаємозв'язки цифрової та зеленої економіки й обґрунтувати шляхи екологічно безпечного розвитку цифрових технологій в Україні.Матеріали й методи. Кластеризація країн світу за ознаками економічного, промислового й цифрового розвитку;економетричний аналіз залежностей між показниками розвитку інформаційно-комунікаційних технологій і екологічної ефективності в країнах світу та їх групах (кластерах) за 2017—2020 рр.Результати. Встановлено, що на глобальному рівні впровадження сучасних цифрових технологій має загалом позитивний зв'язок зі станом довкілля: чим вищим є рівень цифровізації, тим більш екологічно чистими, за інших рівних умов, є національні економіки. З’ясовано, що екологічна ефективність цифровізації залежить від рівня виробничих (фізичних) технологій та загального економічного розвитку держави. У кластерах менш розвинених країн, зокрема й в Україні, яка має суттєві проблеми у сферах промисловості й інновацій, поширення цифрових технологій має менший позитивний вплив на екологію, ніж у кластерах більш розвинених країн. Тому довгострокові позитивні ефекти цифровізації для України не є очевидними, а негативні можуть бути серйозними.Висновки. Для мінімізації екологічних ризиків цифровізації в Україні потрібно розробити національну академічну програму комплексної оцінки різних аспектів (абіотичних, біотичних, техногенних, антропогенних) впливу новітніх цифрових технологій на довкілля, а також узгодити програми цифровізації економіки із загальною стратегією розвитку національного виробництва на інноваційній основі.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…5. Comparative estimate of the digitalization indices of Ukraine and the reference countriesSource:[19].…”

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confidence: 99%

Цифрова І Зелена Економіки: Точки Дотику Й Суперечності

Vishnevsky¹,

Garkushenko²,

Zanizdra³

et al. 2021

Sci. innov.

Self Cite

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Industrial ecosystems and digitalization in the context of sustainable development

Soldak

2020

Ekon. promisl.

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The digital revolution and extended use of modern digital technologies define the intensification of formation processes and further development of industrial ecosystems as stable geographically established networks of interconnected diverse enterprises and institutions, that are based on certain manufacturing technologies. At the same time, the location of industrial ecosystems is changed, which manifests itself in contradictory processes of reshoring and nearshoring, deepening their specialization, as the result of which in various regions of the world existing industrial ecosystems are transforming and new ones with different environmental influence are forming. Therefore, the objective of this paper is to educe current peculiarities of their evolution in terms of digitalization in the context of sustainable development. Every industrial ecosystem is unique, but it also has some certain similarities with other ecosystems, giving objective reasons for distinguishing their characteristic types. This study carries out the grouping of national economies (68 countries) by the size of industrial ecosystems (value added), their labor intensiveness, knowledge intensiveness and environmental friendliness (CO2 emissions). According to results of the cluster analysis, it is found that the absolute leadership by qualitative characteristics, primarily in terms of labor productivity and R&D costs, belongs to industrial ecosystems of advanced countries in Europe, Asia-Pacific region and the United States. With regard to Ukraine, its industrial ecosystem is classified to the cluster of countries that are "catching up" and characterized by worse indicators, including in the framework of sustainable development. To assess the environmental friendliness of industrial ecosystems, it is suggested to use the indicator of a normalized area of an ecological footprint that characterizes its size, which accrues to consumption of 1 ton of coal. Calculations of this indicator show that the increase of world coal consumption in recent decades is followed by a decrease of a normalized area of the ecological footprint as a result of progress in the development of "clean" manufacturing technologies and consumption of this energy source. However, the situation is different in various clusters of industrial ecosystems. With the difference of volume of GDP per capita, the normalized ecological footprint of developing countries is almost 3 times higher than in advanced ones. Namely, the life support in industrial ecosystems of developing countries (including Ukraine) per 1 dollar of income is associated with a significantly higher normalized ecological footprint. The Ukrainian national industrial ecosystem is currently characterized by the low technical and technological level of production and high normalized coal consumption with corresponding negative consequences for the environment. To ensure its transition to a sustainable development trajectory, it is necessary to create institutions that would stimulate a cyclical model of industrial behavior at the state level, as well as the development and dissemination of new digital technologies in industrial production and energy sector that can reduce the ecological footprint.

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Mobile communication of the fifth generation and its place in the transformation processes of digitalization of the economy

Kniaziev

2021

Ekon. promisl.

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The formation of the digital economy in the world is due to the development of a number of new breakthrough technologies that are unfolding in the process of the Fourth Industrial Revolution. The basic of them is the fifth generation of mobile communication (5G), which provides the opportunity to implement a large number of new information and communication technologies, as well as hardware solutions and products for the economy and society. Countries that take the leadership in building 5G infrastructure and adopting fifth-generation mobile standards will be able to apply their successful expertise to deploy a new generation of communications in other countries, opening up ample opportunities to enhance technological, economic and geopolitical impact on them. The paper is devoted to the analysis of trends in the formation and development of mobile technologies of the fifth generation in the world and its impact on the processes of digitalization of the economy, as well as the identification of promising practices for their implementation in Ukraine. In the course of the analysis, it is defined that 5G, unlike the previous generations of communication, is peculiar to large-scale virtualization, which goes beyond exclusively hardware and infrastructural decisions, and the majority of its functionality is realized by a software way. That is why it is often called not a network, but a system or platform that enables the implementation of a significant number of services and solutions, in particular: high-speed data transmission, a wide range of Internet of Things services, storing large data sets in cloud storage, virtual reality services, smart automation and robotics of production, unmanned vehicles, etc. But 5G is also characterized by a number of shortcomings (due to the use of short radio waves with rapid attenuation) that actualize the challenges, associated with increasing consumption of raw materials and energy, increased anthropogenic burden, lack of study of this technology’s potential negative impact on human health and local ecosystems etc. It is defined, that 5G-technologies, being a new event, according to the concept of technology life cycle are in the lower part of the S-shaped technological curve. This stage of technology development is characterized by significant financial investments and small economic returns, associated primarily with sales of radio frequency resources. Measures are proposed to avoid in the future for Ukraine the role of a raw material appendage of technologically developed countries, in terms of creating a favorable national institutional environment and ensuring support and encouragement of the development of new digital communication technologies.

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Technology Gaps: the Concept, Models, and Ways of Overcoming

Cited by 6 publications

References 13 publications

Цифрова І Зелена Економіки: Точки Дотику Й Суперечності

Цифрова І Зелена Економіки: Точки Дотику Й Суперечності

Industrial ecosystems and digitalization in the context of sustainable development

Mobile communication of the fifth generation and its place in the transformation processes of digitalization of the economy

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