Temperament and Character Dimensions in Patients With Schizophrenia, Relatives, and Controls

González‐Torres, Miguel Ángel; Inchausti, Lucía; Ibáñez, Berta; Aristegui, Maialen; Fernández‐Rivas, Aranzazu; Ochoa, Eguzkine; Fernández, Esther; Bayón, Carmen

doi:10.1097/nmd.0b013e3181aacc1a

Cited by 29 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Gonzalez-Torres et al [56] 61 inpatients with schizophrenia or schizophrenia spectrum disorders 59 first degree relatives 64 healthy controls Substance abuse was an exclusion criterion NS, TCI NS scores were not different in patients and controls; patients scored higher on NS than relatives Ohi et al [57] 99 schizophrenia patients 179 controls Substance-related disorders were an exclusion criterion for patients…”

Section: Ns Tci No Differences In Ns Between Groups No Association mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensation/novelty seeking in psychotic disorders: A review of the literature

Peritogiannis¹

2015

WJP

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The evaluation of personality traits is important for the better understanding of the person suffering from psychosis and for treatment individualization. However literature on patients' personality and character in such disorders is limited. The aim of this review was to summarize the literature on sensation/novelty seeking (SNS), a trait which is biologically based and highly heritable and is associated with dopamine activity, and refers to a person's tendency to seek varied, novel, complex, and intense sensations and experiences. A total of 38 studies were included in this review, involving 2808 patients and 2039 healthy controls. There is consistent evidence that this trait is independently associated with alcohol and substance abuse in patients with schizophrenia and related disorders. The estimation of SNS would help clinicians to identify patients at risk for abuse. There is also some evidence that higher SNS levels may relate to medication non-adherence and seem to increase the risk of patients' aggressive and violent behavior, but studies are scarce. SNS was found not to be related to suicidality, whereas in the fields of patients' quality of life and psychopathology results are contradictory, but most studies show no possible association. Several studies suggest that SNS is lower in psychotic patients compared to controls, whereas most yield no differences. The evidence for this trait as a potential endophenotype of schizophrenia is weak. SNS may be implicated in psychotic disorders' course and prognosis in several ways and should be always inquired for. This trait can be reliably measured with the use of easily applicable self-rated instruments, and patients' accounts could inform clinicians when planning management and delivering individualized treatment. Core tip: This review summarizes current research on the personality trait sensation/novelty seeking (SNS) in psychotic disorders. There is an emerging literature on SNS in psychotic patients, suggesting that this trait is associated with patients' alcohol and substance misuse. Some evidence suggests that SNS may be related to medication non-adherence and aggressive behavior, whereas data on other illness dimensions, such as quality of life and psychopathology are scarce and controversial. In general, patients with psychotic disorders appear to have lower SNS levels than healthy controls, but abusing patients, who probably have high SNS levels are often excluded from research. REVIEWSubmit a

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Section: Ns Tci No Differences In Ns Between Groups No Association mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensation/novelty seeking in psychotic disorders: A review of the literature

Peritogiannis¹

2015

WJP

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“…Vários estudos sobre esquizofrenia e esquizotipia têm apresentado um mesmo perfil de personalidade relacionado à presença de transtornos mentais: baixos escores em autodirecionamento (AD), baixos escores em cooperatividade (C) e altos escores em autotranscendência (AT) (Bayon, Hill, Svrakic, Przybeck, & Cloninger, 1996;Bora & Veznedaroglu, 2007;Daneluzzo, Stratta, & Rossi, 2005;Gonzalez-Torres et al, 2009;Hori et al, 2008). Hori et al (2008) encontraram associações entre esquizofrenia, baixos escores em AD e altos escores em AT, sugerindo que esta última seria uma dimensão da personalidade substancialmente relacionada com a gravidade dos sintomas positivos da doença.…”

Section: Autotranscendência: Sanidade Ou Loucura?unclassified

“…A confusão ou falácia poderá ocorrer quando se observa unicamente a relação entre alta AT e experiên-cias psicóticas, desconsiderando-se o papel fundamental da força do ego ou, especificamente, do Autodirecionamento nas experiências anômalas ou R/E (Bayon et al, 1996;Bora & Veznedaroglu, 2007;Daneluzzo et al, 2005;Gonzalez-Torres et al, 2009;Smith, Riley, & Peters, 2009;Svrakic et al, 2002;Hori et al, 2008).…”

Section: Os Construtos De "Falácia Pré-trans" "Autodirecionamento" Eunclassified

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Saúde e Doença nas Experiências Religiosas/Espirituais: Integrando Modelos de Wilber e Cloninger

et al. 2017

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ResumoO estudo científico das experiências religiosas/espirituais tem sido negligenciado ao longo da história da Psicologia, ocasionando uma indiferenciação destas e dos sintomas psicóticos de conteúdo religioso/espiritual. O objetivo deste artigo foi analisar e comparar duas teorias: a Psicologia Integral, de Wilber, e o Modelo Psicobiológico de Cloninger, a fim de desenvolver critérios para diferenciar saúde e doença mental em experiências religiosas/espirituais. O conceito wilberiano de "Falácia Pré-Trans" aparece enquanto chave de leitura para a diferenciação entre experiência religiosas/espirituais e transtornos mentais, aproximando-se da concepção de maturidade de caráter observada nos conceitos de autodirecionamento e de autotranscendência de Cloninger. Palavras-chave: experiências religiosas, transpessoal, autodirecionamento, autotranscendência Health and Illness in Religious/Spiritual experiences: integrating Wilber's and Cloninger's Models AbstractThe scientific study of religious/spiritual experiences has been neglected throughout the history of psychology causing a lack of differentiation between them and psychotic symptoms. The objective of this study was to analyze and compare two theories: Integral Psychology, by Wilber, and the Psychobiological Model, by Cloninger, in order to distinguish health and mental illness in religious/spiritual experiences. The Wilberian concept of "Pre-Trans Fallacy" is a reading key to differ religious/spiritual experiences from mental disorders. It is similar to the conception of Maturity of Character observed in Cloninger's concepts of Self-directedness and Self-transcendence.

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“…itC-r (140) -(Inventário de Temperamento e Caráter, revisado e reduzido): O ITC foi desenvolvido por Cloninger et al 9 a fim de acessar as sete dimensões de personalidade, tendo sido amplamente usado em diversos países na investigação das relações entre personalidade e saú-de 9,11,12,[15][16][17][18] . O ITC-R (140) é uma versão reduzida do ITC-R (240), com 140 itens com respostas numa escala Likert de 1 a 5 pontos (de 1 = Definitivamente falso a 5 = Definitivamente verdadeiro).…”

Section: Instrumentos Utilizadosunclassified

Personalidade, religiosidade e qualidade de vida em indivíduos que apresentam experiências anômalas em grupos religiosos

Alminhana

Menezes

Moreira‐Almeida³

2013

J. bras. psiquiatr.

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rESUMo introdução: Há alta prevalência de Experiências Anômalas (EAs), como as vivências chamadas de psicóticas, na população geral. Existe pouca informação a respeito das caraterísticas de pessoas que apresentam EAs de caráter não patológico e que buscam auxílio em instituições religiosas. objetivos: Investigar os perfis de personalidade, a qualidade de vida (QV) e a religiosidade em pessoas que apresentam EAs. Métodos: Cento e quinze sujeitos que procuraram centros espíritas de Juiz de Fora/MG e que apresentavam EAs foram entrevistados: dados sociodemográficos; ITC-R (140) -(Inventário de Temperamento e Caráter, revisado e reduzido); DUREL-P (Duke University Religious Index, versão em português), e WHOQOL--BREF (Avaliação da Qualidade de Vida da Organização Mundial da Saúde -versão brasileira abreviada). resultados: Cooperatividade foi a dimensão de personalidade que obteve a maior média (77,0 ± 11,2); Religiosidade Não Organizacional obteve médias altas em 77% da amostra; 58,9% dos sujeitos eram Espíritas; QV psicológica obteve a média mais baixa (61,1 ± 19,4) e a mais alta foi QV física (67,1 ± 18,2). Conclusões: Os indivíduos com EAs que buscam auxílio parecem constituir uma população de risco para transtornos mentais ou problemas emocionais em geral, sendo preciso desenvolver abordagens adequadas e mais estudos sobre o tema. aBStraCt introduction: There is a high prevalence of Anomalous Experiences (AEs), as psychotic experiences, in the general population. There is little information about characteristics of people with non-pathological AEs seeking religious institutions. objectives: To investigate personality profiles, quality of life (QoL) and religiosity in people with EAs. Methods: One hundred and fifteen subjects who sought Spiritist Centers in Juiz de Fora/MG, Brazil, and who had AEs were interviewed: sociodemographic data; ITC-R (140) -(Temperament and Character Inventory, revised), Durel-P (Duke Religious Index, Portuguese version), and WHOQOL-BREF (Assessment of Quality of Life of the World Health Organization-Brazilian

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Temperament and Character Dimensions in Patients With Schizophrenia, Relatives, and Controls

Cited by 29 publications

References 31 publications

Sensation/novelty seeking in psychotic disorders: A review of the literature

Sensation/novelty seeking in psychotic disorders: A review of the literature

Saúde e Doença nas Experiências Religiosas/Espirituais: Integrando Modelos de Wilber e Cloninger

Personalidade, religiosidade e qualidade de vida em indivíduos que apresentam experiências anômalas em grupos religiosos

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