“…The method is useful for studying the conformation and conformational fluctuations of a protein since the rate of amide proton exchange is greatly reduced in native proteins (by as much as 108) when the amide proton is hydrogen bonded or when it is otherwise protected from solvent. Recently, amide proton exchange has been used to (a) study conformational fluctuations in lysozyme (Knox & Rosenberg, 1980) and ribonuclease S (Rosa & Richards, 1979, (b) measure the dissociation constants of hemoglobin (Ide et al, 1976) and of ribonuclease S (Schreier & Baldwin, 1976,1977, (c) study ligand-induced conformational changes in hemoglobin (Englander et al, 1980), and (d) probe the structures of intermediates in the folding of ribonuclease A (Schmid & Baldwin, 1979; Kim & Baldwin, 1980). The NMR1 assignment of the slowly exchanging amide protons in BPTI by Dubs et al (1979) 0006-2960/82/0421-0001$01.25/0 shift of 1.3 pH units in the pHmin of POLL between 0 and 2 M NaCl.…”