Temperature-dependent Sellmeier equations for rare-earth sesquioxides

Zelmon, David E.; Northridge, Jessica M; Haynes, Nicholas D.; Perlov, D.; Petermann, K.

doi:10.1364/ao.52.003824

Cited by 36 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 23 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…They are suitable to be used as electroluminescence 1 and cathodoluminescence 2 sources, catalysts for chemical organic reactions, 3,4 high-k gate dielectrics, 5 optical parts of high power lasers, 6 oxygen ion conducting electrolyte in solid oxide fuel cells, 7 and materials with strongly hydrophobic surface. 8 Depending on the type of the rare earth, five different crystal structures are known.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Raman spectra of R2O3 (R—rare earth) sesquioxides with C-type bixbyite crystal structure: A comparative study

Abrashev

Todorov

Geshev

2014

Journal of Applied Physics

132

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Dielectric and optical properties of epitaxial rare-earth scandate films and their crystallization behavior Appl. Phys. Lett. 88, 262906 (2006) Raman spectra of R 2 O 3 (R-Sc, Er, Y, Ho, Gd, Eu, and Sm) powders with C-type bixbyite crystal structure are measured. With the help of these data and ones, previously published for other oxides from the same structural family, general dependencies of the frequencies of the Raman peaks on the cubic crystal unit cell parameter are constructed. Using these dependencies and knowing the symmetry of the peaks for one of the oxides, determined from previous single-crystal measurements, it is possible to find out the symmetry of the peaks from the spectra of all compounds. It was found that the frequency of the six lowest frequency peaks scales with the square root of the mass of the rare earth showing that mainly R ions take part in these vibrations. These results agree with performed here lattice dynamical calculations. The anomalous softening of the frequency of some peaks in the spectra of Eu 2 O 3 is discussed. V C 2014 AIP Publishing LLC.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Raman spectra of R2O3 (R—rare earth) sesquioxides with C-type bixbyite crystal structure: A comparative study

Abrashev

Todorov

Geshev

2014

Journal of Applied Physics

132

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The Sellmeier equation for the refractive index was taken from [22]. The best-fitting values are α vol = 18 ± 2 × 10 −6 K −1 , E g = 5.2 ± 0.1 eV and dE g / dT = -1.8 ± 0.5 × 10 −4 eV/K.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, using thermo-optic, Eq. (5), and Sellmeier [22] equations, it is straightforward to calculate the dispersion of both W constants, as shown in Fig. 2b.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previously, the dn/dT for Lu 2 O 3 was measured by a conventional minimum deviation method [22] (TCOP values were not reported). At RT, it was found to be ~7.2 × 10 −6 K −1 around ~1 μm.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast, there are only few investigations of bulk crystals, due to the above-mentioned problem of the growth of large-volume crystals typically required for such measurements. In particular, Zelmon et al [22] recently reported on the dispersion of dn/dT values for pure Lu 2 O 3 by a standard minimum deviation method, however, without the determination of α and TCOP values. In the present paper, we report on a comprehensive study of dispersion of dn/dT and TCOP coefficients yielding useful thermo-optic dispersion formulas, as well as precise measurements of thermal expansion ones.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Thermo-optic properties of Yb:Lu2O3 single crystals

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Lu 2 O 3 ). Initial growth attempts of sesquioxides utilized the Verneuil method [2,3] or the floating zone technique [4]. The resulting mm-size crystals of low quality were utilized for the initial determination of the optical and thermomechanical properties of these materials and even allowed for first flash-lamp-pumped laser experiments [5]. Afterward, different growth methods such as the laser-heated pedestal growth (LHPG) [6], the micro-pulling down technique [7] and the Czochralski technique [8] were applied, but still the crystals were limited in size and quality. It was not before 2008 that by the optimization of the heat exchanger method [9] the growth of cm-scale single-crystalline sesquioxides with excellent optical quality became possible [10]. In the following years, in particular cubic sesquioxide host material lutetia (Lu 2 O 3 ) has been shown to be an excellent host material for various rare earth ions [11]. Efficient and high-power laser operation has been demonstrated utilizing various laser ions such as Yb 3+ [12,13] at 1 µm, Tm 3+ [14] and Ho 3+ [15] at 2 µm as well as Er 3+ at 3 µm [16].These outstanding laser results obtained in the past motivate a reexamination of the thermo-optic properties of Lu 2 O 3 that affect the parameters of the thermal lens. The lens-like behavior is related with three main effects, namely temperature dependence of the refractive index (expressed by the thermo-optic coefficient, dn/dT), end-bulging related to the thermal expansion coefficient α, as well as photoelastic effect that is responsible for the lens astigmatism and birefringence losses. Under the plane stress approximation (that refers to the diode pumping case), first two terms are dominant [17]. Thus, the knowledge of dn/dT and α values as well as their combination, called thermal coefficient of the optical path (TCOP) [18], is crucial for the determination of the thermal lens parameters and, hence, the cavity design. Indeed, non-compensated thermal lens can lead to Abstract A detailed study of thermo-optic properties of 1.5 at.% Yb:Lu 2 O 3 single crystal is performed. Thermooptic dispersion formulas are derived for dn/dT coefficient and thermal coefficient of the optical path. At the wavelength of 1.03 μm, dn/dT = 5.8 × 10 −6 K −1 . High-precision temperature-dependent measurements of the thermal expansion coefficient α are performed. At the room temperature (RT), α = 5.880 ± 0.014 × 10 −6 K −1 . Temperature dependence of the bandgap is analyzed, yielding RT value of E g = 5.15 eV and dE g /dT = -3.7 × 10 −4 eV/K. Sensitivity factor of the thermal lens is calculated for a diodepumped Yb:Lu 2 O 3 crystal versus the pump spot radius and crystal temperature.

show abstract

Numerical Modeling of Heat Transfer and Thermal Stress at the Czochralski Growth of Neodymium Scandate Single Crystals

Böttcher

Miller

Ganschow

2020

Crystal Research and Technology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The Czochralski growth of NdScO3 single crystals along the [110]‐direction is numerically analyzed with the focus on the influence of the optical thickness on the shape of the crystal–melt interface and on the generation of thermal stresses. Due to lack of data, the optical thickness (i.e., the absorption coefficient) is varied over the entire interval between optically thin and thick. While the thermal calculation in the entire furnace is treated as axisymmetric, the stress calculation of the crystal is done three‐dimensionally in order to meet the spatial anisotropy of thermal expansion and elastic coefficients. The numerically obtained values of the deflection of the crystal/melt interface meet the experimental ones for absorption coefficients in the range between 40 and 200 m−1. The maximum values of the von Mises stress appear for the case of absorption coefficient between 20 and 40 m−1. Applying absorption coefficients in the range between 3 and 100 m−1 leads to local peaks of high temperature in the shoulder region and the tail region near the end of the cylindrical part.

show abstract

Temperature-dependent Sellmeier equations for rare-earth sesquioxides

Cited by 36 publications

References 23 publications

Raman spectra of R2O3 (R—rare earth) sesquioxides with C-type bixbyite crystal structure: A comparative study

Raman spectra of R2O3 (R—rare earth) sesquioxides with C-type bixbyite crystal structure: A comparative study

Thermo-optic properties of Yb:Lu2O3 single crystals

Numerical Modeling of Heat Transfer and Thermal Stress at the Czochralski Growth of Neodymium Scandate Single Crystals

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About