Temporal patterns of balsam fir sawfly defoliation and growth loss in young balsam fir

Parsons, Ken; Quiring, Dan T.; Piene, Harald; Farrell, James

doi:10.1016/s0378-1127(03)00145-2

Cited by 24 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…This last point is particularly significant as it suggests that the advantages gained by silvicultural activities intended to accelerate crown development and growth of regenerating western hemlock may be offset by recurring disturbances from defoliating insects which thrive under these same forest conditions. This interaction between forestry practices directed at rapid growth rates in juvenile stands and insect disturbances that counteract that objective is becoming apparent in other related silvicultural systems (Piene, 1989;Parsons et al, 2003).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Defoliation of juvenile western hemlock by western blackheaded budworm in Pacific coastal forests

Nealis

Turnquist

Garbutt

2004

Forest Ecology and Management

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Defoliation of juvenile western hemlock by western blackheaded budworm in Pacific coastal forests

Nealis

Turnquist

Garbutt

2004

Forest Ecology and Management

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“…In Siberian and Canadian forests, insect damage is estimated to be of the same magnitude as fire loss (IPCC 2001b). Like fire, some types of insect disturbances can be stand-destroying (e.g., bark beetles) whereas other types (defoliators) may not be; however, defoliators often result in long-term losses in volume (e.g., Hall 1995, Parsons et al 2003, Mayfield et al 2005, Soja et al 2007. Also like fire, insect disturbances vary through time and space in response to stand conditions, weather, and other factors.…”

Section: Natural Disturbancesmentioning

confidence: 99%

National circumstances in the international circumboreal community

Wulder¹,

Campbell²,

White³

et al. 2007

The Forestry Chronicle

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Boreal forest nations are often thought to have similar environmental, social, and economic contexts. In this communication we show that boreal forest nations are a disparate grouping, with some similarities and many differences. Highlighting these differing national contexts provides insights into how a given nation utilizes the boreal forests over which it holds stewardship responsibilities. Current national contexts are related to each nation's physiography, climate, history, legacy of past forest management, the timing of transition from natural to plantation forests, population density and distribution, and access to resources and markets. Boreal forests are dominated by pioneer species that are resilient to disturbance and have a demonstrated ability to adapt to past climate changes. National responses to natural disturbances are linked to forest area, ownership, and management intensity. Boreal forests in large nations (e.g., Canada, Russian Federation) are typically publicly owned, and disturbances such as fire are allowed to progress naturally over remote areas. In smaller nations, where there is often a greater proportion of private ownership and a focus on production forestry, natural disturbances are more aggressively controlled (e.g., Sweden, Finland). Large nations with low boreal human population densities have a greater proportion of natural boreal forest, with relatively higher levels of biodiversity when compared to the fully managed forests of some smaller boreal nations. In smaller nations, the combination of limited forest area and private ownership has facilitated the dominance of intensive sustainable forestry management practices (e.g., Finland). Conversely, in nations with more spatially extensive forest assets that are publicly owned and managed to meet multiple objectives, extensive sustainable forest management practices dominate (e.g., Canada, Russian Federation).Key words: boreal forest, global, national circumstances, environmental, social, economic, forestry practices, Canada RÉSUMÉ Les pays forestiers nordiques sont souvent perçus comme ayant un contexte environnemental, social et économique semblable. Dans cet article, nous démontrons que les pays forestiers constituent un groupe disparate ayant quelques similitudes et plusieurs différences. La mise en évidence de ces contextes nationaux différents permet une vision intrinsèque de l'utilisation faite par un pays donné des forêts boréales pour lesquelles il détient des responsabilités d'intendance. Les contextes nationaux actuels sont décrits selon la géographie physique, le climat, l'histoire, l'héritage de l'aménagement forestier antérieur, l'époque de la transition des forêts naturelles vers les plantations, la densité et la distribution de la population, ainsi que l'accès à la ressource et aux marchés de chaque pays. Les forêts boréales sont dominées par des espèces pionnières qui sont résilientes suite à une perturbation et ont une capacité démontrée de s'être adaptées aux changements climatiques du passé. Les réacti...

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“…Cumulative percent defoliation was visually estimated on each age-class of foliage from each second-order branch (Piene, 1989). Cumulative defoliation estimates did not include current-year foliage, which is rarely eaten by the sawfly (Parsons et al, 2003(Parsons et al, , 2005 and were corrected by subtracting natural needle fall, which was estimated from undefoliated trees in Nova Scotia and Newfoundland.…”

Section: Egg Density and Defoliation Estimatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although defoliation has frequently been used to estimate damage in forest stands, it may not always provide the best estimate for subsequent tree growth Parsons et al, 2003). We therefore developed a vigor index, defined as the ratio between foliage weight and bole surface area, to estimate tree growth potential.…”

Section: Vigor Index Determinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, as tree growth is functionally related to foliage weight remaining, defoliation may be a poor estimator of tree growth and vigor, and thus the ability of a tree to recover after insect outbreaks Parsons et al, 2003). A more sensitive measure of tree vigor may be photosynthetic tissue as a proportion of nonphotosynthetic tissue, i.e., what is producing the carbohydrates and where are they allocated (e.g., Waring, 1983;Ryan, 1989;Long and Smith, 1990;Roberts and Long, 1992).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of pre-commercial thinning of balsam fir on defoliation by the balsam fir sawfly

Ostaff

Piene

Quiring

et al. 2006

Forest Ecology and Management

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Temporal patterns of balsam fir sawfly defoliation and growth loss in young balsam fir

Cited by 24 publications

References 40 publications

Defoliation of juvenile western hemlock by western blackheaded budworm in Pacific coastal forests

Defoliation of juvenile western hemlock by western blackheaded budworm in Pacific coastal forests

National circumstances in the international circumboreal community

Influence of pre-commercial thinning of balsam fir on defoliation by the balsam fir sawfly

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