Temporal variation of fungal diversity in a mosaic landscape in Germany

Abstract

This study aims at characterizing the diversity and temporal changes of species richness and composition of fungi in an ecotone of a forest border and a meadow in the Taunus mountain range in Germany. All macroscopically visible, epigeous fungi and vascular plants were sampled monthly over three years, together with climatic variables like humidity and temperature that influence fungal diversity and composition as shown by previous studies. In this mosaic landscape, a total of 855 fungal species were collected and identified based on morphological features, the majority of which belonged to Ascomycota (51 %) and Basidiomycota (45 %). Records of fungal species and plant species (218) for this area yielded a fungus to plant species ratio of 4:1, with a plant species accumulation curve that reached saturation. The three years of monitoring, however, were not sufficient to reveal the total fungal species richness and estimation factors showed that a fungus to plant species ratio of 6:1 may be reached by further sampling efforts. The effect of climatic conditions on fungal species richness differed depending on the taxonomic and ecological group, with temporal patterns of occurrence of Basidiomycota and mycorrhizal fungi being strongly associated with temperature and humidity, whereas the other fungal groups were only weakly related to abiotic conditions. In conclusion, long-term, monthly surveys over several years yield a higher diversity of macroscopically visible fungi than standard samplings of fungi in autumn. The association of environmental variables with the occurrence of specific fungal guilds may help to improve estimators of fungal richness in temperate regions.

Mapping mycological ignorance – checklists and diversity patterns of fungi known for West Africa

“…It suggests that in a given area, the ratio of species richness of fungi to species richness of vascular plants is about 6:1. This fungus to plant species ratio has been roughly confirmed by Rudolph et al ( 2018 ) through species inventories using traditional methods. Recent data obtained by environmental sequencing, however, has shown that 6:1 is rather conservative and probably overlooks diversity of fungi revealed by molecular methods (Hawksworth and Lücking 2017 ; see also discussion).…”

“…If mycologists working in the field in West Africa could be trained to consider fungi of any group (macro- and microfungi, lichens), and if they would include morphospecies, the numbers would be much higher (cfr. Rudolph et al 2018 ). This incomplete knowledge results in saturation curves showing slight and premature tendencies to saturation and in an underestimation of species richness by statistical estimators.…”

Spotting the pests of tomorrow—Sampling designs for detection of species associations with woody plants

“…Variation at shorter time‐scales is often in line with the normal biological responses of the pest to environmental or seasonal variation, such as temperature, day length or rainfall, or in response to seasonal variation in host quality (Jumpponen & Jones, ; O'Hanlon, ; Rudolph, Marciá‐Vincente, Lotz‐Winter, Schleuning, & Piepenbring, ; Voříšková, Brabcová, Cajthami, & Baldrian, ; Wolda, ). For instance, insects that feed on the leaves of deciduous trees will be less abundant in autumn, when their main food source is scarce.…”

Keberagaman jenis jamur makroskopis di kawasan wisata sumber ubalan kediri

“…Kebanyakan jamur hidup pada habitat lembab. Jamur dapat menggunakan tanah, kayu, daun, dan bahkan bebatuan sebagai substrat tumbuhnya (Rudolph, Maciá-Vicente, Lotz-Winter, Schleuning, & Piepenbring, 2018). Seperti penelitian sebelumnya yang dilakukan oleh Purwanto et al, 2017 dan Nasution, Rahayu Prasetyaningsih, & Ikhwan, 2018 yang menyatakan bahwa keanekaragaman jenis jamur makroskopis yang terdapat dihutan ditentukan oleh kondisi habitat tempat tumbuh jamur.…”