Testosterone Determination Using Rapid Heterogeneous Competitive-Binding for Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay in Flow Injection.

Benedetto, Lucy T. Di; Dimitrakopoulos, Telis; Davy, Ray M.; Iles, Peter J.

doi:10.1080/00032719608002236

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Over time, a number of targeted analytical methods for the determination of testosterone in various biological samples (plasma, urine, muscles and hair) have been developed and described in the literature. In the 1990s, testosterone measurements were often performed by radioimmunoassay (RIA) [ 11 ] and immunoassays (ELISA) [ 12 ]. Immunological methods are fast, easy-to-perform, cheap, and have a short time to result for a large number of samples, so today they are preferably used in many laboratories primarily for screening.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In analytical practice, it is difficult to distinguish between metabolites of natural endogenous testosterone, which is always present in body fluids (plasma, urine), and metabolites of identical exogenous testosterone derived from hydrolysed synthetically prepared esters [5]. In human doping control, this problem is usually solved by determining the urinary ratio of 17β-testosterone/17α-testosterone levels (T/EpT ratio) or by using gas chromatography with isotopic mass spectrometry (GC-IRMS) and application of the 13 C/ 12 C isotope ratio [6]. The World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) has established a decision limit if a T/E ratio is equal to or greater than 4, or an epitestosterone (17α-testosterone) concentration is greater than 200 ng mL −1 which would require a testing procedure to confirm doping [7,8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Profiling of Metabolomic Changes in Plasma and Urine of Pigs Caused by Illegal Administration of Testosterone Esters

et al. 2020

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The use of anabolic steroid hormones as growth promoters in feed for farm animals has been banned in the European Union since 1988 on the basis of Council Directive 96/22/EC. However, there is still ongoing monitoring and reporting of positive findings of these banned substances in EU countries. The aim of this work was to investigate the efficacy and discriminatory ability of metabolic fingerprinting after the administration of 17β-testosterone esters to pigs. Plasma and urine samples were chromatographically separated on a Hypersil Gold C18 column. High resolution mass spectrometry metabolomic fingerprints were analysed on a hybrid mass spectrometer Q-Exactive. Three independent multivariate statistical methods, namely principal component analysis, clustre analysis, and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis showed significant differences between the treated and control groups of pigs even 14 days after the administration of the hormonal drug. Plasma samples were also analysed by a conventional quantitative analysis using liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry and a pharmacokinetic curve was constructed based on the results. In this case, no testosterone residue was detected 14 days after the administration. The results clearly showed that a metabolomics approach can be a useful and effective tool for the detection and monitoring of banned anabolic steroids used illegally in pig fattening.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%